长的生殖中心具有持久的亲和成熟和克隆迁移
Jeong Hyun Lee1,2,3, Henry J Sutton1,2, Christopher A Cottrell2,3,4
1Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Nature
|September 21, 2022
概括
在初始免疫接种后,长期的生殖中心B细胞 (BGC) 持续超过六个月,显示持续的抗体进化,并在增强后产生高位的中和抗体. 这种长期免疫策略有利于具有挑战性的疫苗目标.
科学领域:
- 免疫学
- 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 生殖中心 (GC) 对于适应性免疫反应和抗体成熟至关重要.
- GC B 细胞 (BGC) 的持续时间和活性对于产生高亲和度抗体至关重要,特别是针对像HIV Env这样的复杂抗体.
- 了解长期GC动态对于设计针对具有挑战性的病原体的有效疫苗至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在长期使用HIV Env蛋白免疫后,研究生殖中心B细胞 (BGC) 的寿命和功能特征.
- 评估扩大GC活性对抗体体质突变,表位识别和中和抗体反应的影响.
- 评估长期,缓慢的免疫策略的潜力,以克服疫苗开发中的免疫主导挑战.
主要方法:
- 在没有进一步的抗原暴露的情况下,将 rhesus 子注入HIV Env 蛋白,并监测长达 29 周.
- 用单细胞转录分析分析了GC B细胞的状态 (BGC).
- 分析了抗体体质突变和BGC细胞系谱,以追踪B细胞的进化和选择.
主要成果:
- 在至少6个月内观察到持续存在的生殖中心B细胞 (BGC),到第10周BGC细胞显著增加.
- 单细胞分析证实了光区和暗区GC状态的维持,持续的抗体体质突变和选择.
- 在29周时,Env- 结合的B< sub>GC sub>细胞的水平仍然很高,单次免疫接种引起了高位的HIV中和抗体.
- 在长期原始条件下生成的记忆B细胞表现出更高的体质突变和识别的非免疫主导表位.
结论:
- 通过长期免疫接种方法,可以保持超过6个月的GC活性,而无需重新免疫接种.
- 这种延长的GC阶段促进了显著的抗体进化,导致对复杂的抗原产生强大的中和抗体反应.
- 通过优化GC调节以获得最大抗体反应,长期缓慢的免疫策略显示出开发针对困难目标的疫苗的前景.
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