一个小麦抵抗体定义了免疫受体通道的共同原理
Alexander Förderer1,2, Ertong Li1,2, Aaron W Lawson2
1Institute of Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
Nature
|September 26, 2022
概括
植物核酸结合丰富的重复受体 (NLR) 形成抵抗体复合体以触发免疫力. 这项研究揭示了小麦和阿拉比多普西斯NLR的结构和离子通道活性,使作物得到改善.
科学领域:
- 植物免疫力
- 植物防御的分子机制
- 结构生物学
背景情况:
- 植物细胞内核酸结合丰富的重复受体 (NLR) 对于检测病原体因子和启动免疫反应至关重要.
- 含有NLR (CNL) ZAR1的Arabidopsis thaliana卷状卷域在间接的效应器识别后形成一个抵抗体,一个对免疫力至关重要的通道.
- 不同植物CNL中抵抗体形成和通道活性的保存情况尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 研究小麦 CNL Sr35 与其效应器 AvrSr35 的结构和功能.
- 确定植物CNL中抵抗体形成和通道活性是否保持.
- 探索以结构为基础的NLR改进作物的潜力.
主要方法:
- 用冷电子显微镜测定小麦Sr35-AvrSr35复合体 (Sr35抗体) 的结构.
- 电生理测量以评估Sr35抗体的通道活性.
- 工程小麦和大麦NLR变种的产生和测试.
主要成果:
- 确定了Sr35-AvrSr35复合体 (Sr35抗体) 的冷-EM结构,揭示了直接与Sr35结合的效应因子.
- 在小麦Sr35和Arabidopsis ZAR1抗体之间发现了结构上的相似性,包括保存的阿金宁集群和"EDVID"动机相互作用.
- 抗体Sr35表现出非选择性离子通道活动.
- 在小麦和大麦中生成识别AvrSr35的工程NLR变体.
结论:
- 在植物中,CNL抗体在进化过程中被保存,如小麦Sr35和Arabidopsis ZAR1之间的结构和功能相似性所证明.
- 这种Sr35电阻体的功能与ZAR1类似.
- 基于NLR的结构工程有望提高作物抗病能力.
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