地球生态系统的基于功能的类型学
David A Keith1,2,3, José R Ferrer-Paris4,5, Emily Nicholson5,6
1Centre for Ecosystem Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. david.keith@unsw.edu.au.
Nature
|October 12, 2022
概括
一个新的国际自然保护联盟 (IUCN) 全球生态系统类型为地球生态系统的分类提供了一个统一的框架. 这种分类有助于预测生态系统对环境变化的反应,并支持全球生物多样性保护工作.
科学领域:
- 生态与保护科学
- 生物多样性和生态系统服务
背景情况:
- 联合国正在制定2020年后的全球生物多样性框架,强调需要有效的生态系统保护和可持续的生态系统服务.
- 目前全球一致的生态系统分类的局限性阻碍了由于生物群,服务提供和风险暴露的不同而发展的保护目标和可持续性目标.
- 对生态系统应对环境变化的可靠预测和管理对于促进生物多样性保护和生态系统服务的可持续性至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 引入国际自然保护联盟 (IUCN) 全球生态系统类型学,这是分类地球所有生态系统的新框架.
- 为概括和预测生态系统功能,生物群,风险和管理策略提供概念上强大,可扩展和空间明确的方法.
- 引导生态系统政策和管理从全球到地方的转变,支持保护和可持续性目标.
主要方法:
- 开发一个跨学科的,统一的生态系统分类理论框架.
- 创建适用于整个生物圈的可扩展和空间明确的类型.
- 将功能性应对环境变化和管理纳入分类系统.
主要成果:
- 国际自然保护联盟 (IUCN) 全球生态系统类型学提供了地球生态系统的全面分类.
- 该框架能够对生态系统功能,生物群和风险进行强有力的概括和预测.
- 它为标准化生态系统风险评估和自然资本会计奠定了基础.
结论:
- 国际自然保护联盟全球生态系统类型是推动全球生物多样性目标的关键信息基础设施.
- 它支持生态系统特定管理和恢复工作的知识转移.
- 该类型将促进2020年后全球生物多样性框架和"与自然和相处"的愿景的进展.
相关概念视频
01:17What is an Ecosystem?
40.3K
Overview
40.3K
02:23The Soil Ecosystem
21.4K
Plants obtain inorganic minerals and water from the soil, which acts as a natural medium for land plants. The composition and quality of soil depend not only on the chemical constituents but also on the presence of living organisms. In general, soils contain three major components:
21.4K
01:09Levels of Organization
126.4K
Biological organization is the classification of biological structures, ranging from atoms at the bottom of the hierarchy to the Earth's biosphere. Each level of the hierarchy represents an increase in complexity that builds upon the previous level.
Molecules Are Composed of Atoms, and Biomolecules Are Assembled from Molecules:
The most basic levels include atoms, molecules, and biomolecules. Atoms, the smallest unit of ordinary matter, are composed of a nucleus and electrons. Molecules...
Molecules Are Composed of Atoms, and Biomolecules Are Assembled from Molecules:
The most basic levels include atoms, molecules, and biomolecules. Atoms, the smallest unit of ordinary matter, are composed of a nucleus and electrons. Molecules...
126.4K
01:35Trophic Levels
31.4K
All organisms in an ecosystem occupy a trophic level in the food chain. The lowest level consists of primary producers, which synthesize their food from either solar or chemical energy. Each subsequent level obtains energy from the levels below. Detritivores can occupy any of the levels above primary producers.
31.4K
02:02Ecological Niches
24.2K
All organisms have a position within an ecosystem. The complete set of living and nonliving factors—including food resources, climate, and terrain—that define the position of a given organism are collectively referred to as the organism’s ecological niche.
24.2K
02:40The Tree of Life - Bacteria, Archaea, Eukaryotes
33.0K
The “tree of life” describes the evolution of life and the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The root of the tree is the common ancestor to all life on Earth. All other species radiate from this point, much like the branches of a tree. The numerous tips of these branches on the tree of life represent every living, or extant, species. Extinct species, which are species that no longer exist, can be found towards the center of the tree. Currently, these organisms, both...
33.0K