为什么有些人比其他人更吸引蚊子?
Jiawei Zhao1, Josefina Del Mármol1
1Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Cell
|October 28, 2022
概括
蚊子通过嗅觉的指导咬人传播疾病. 一项新的研究显示, 较高的皮肤气味碳酸使得一些人更容易成为蚊子的目标.
科学领域:
- 昆虫学
- 人与病原体的相互作用
- 化学生态学
背景情况:
- 蚊子通过咬伤传播致命疾病,包括疟疾和寨卡病毒.
- 蚊子寻找宿主行为主要由嗅觉线索介导, 人类的气味起着关键作用.
- 蚊子的咬偏好因人而异,
研究的目的:
- 研究蚊子对人类的吸引力的化学基础.
- 鉴定人类皮肤气味中的特定挥发性化合物,
主要方法:
- 对来自人体皮肤的挥发性化合物进行气色谱-质谱分析 (GC-MS).
- 基于嗅探仪的行为测试,使用蚊子 (例如,埃及蚊) 接触到不同的气味.
- 特定的皮肤气味化合物的度与蚊子吸引力之间的相关性分析.
主要成果:
- 人类皮肤的气味成分在个体之间有很大差异.
- 皮肤气味中特定碳酸盐 (例如,非酸,八酸) 的含量增加与蚊子吸引力的增加密切相关.
- 蚊子显然更喜欢含有高度碳酸的气味样本.
结论:
- 人体皮肤气味中的碳酸是蚊子咬偏好的关键因素.
- 了解这些嗅觉线索可以为控制蚊子和预防疾病制定新策略.
- 针对特定的挥发性有机化合物提供了一种驱逐蚊子或掩盖人类吸引力的潜在途径.
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