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极端温度与心血管病特异性死亡率之间的关联:来自27个国家的结果
Barrak Alahmad1,2, Haitham Khraishah3, Dominic Royé4
1Environmental Health Department (B.Alahmad, A.Z., J.S., P.K.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.
Circulation
|December 12, 2022
概括
极端的高温和低温会增加心血管疾病,包括心力衰竭和中风的死亡风险. 这项全球性研究凸显了应对温度对心脏健康的影响的迫切需要,尤其是在气候变化方面.
科学领域:
- 环境流行病学
- 心血管流行病学
- 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 心血管疾病是全球主要的死亡原因.
- 之前关于温度和心血管疾病死亡率的研究在地理上是有限的,主要关注的是心血管疾病死亡总数,而不是特定原因.
研究的目的:
- 在全球范围内调查极端温度与特定原因的心血管死亡率之间的联系.
- 在各种心血管疾病中量化因极端高温和寒冷而导致的过度死亡.
主要方法:
- 利用来自567个城市的大型跨国数据库 (多国多城市协作网络) 的日常心血管死亡 (1979-2019).
- 使用案例交叉模型和元分析来评估极端温度 (第99/第1百分位) 与特定心血管疾病死亡率 (心血管疾病,缺血性心脏病,中风,心力衰竭,心律失常) 之间的关联.
- 与最低死亡温度相比,热天 (97.5百分点以上) 和寒天 (2.5百分点以下) 的计算过剩死亡率.
主要成果:
- 极端的高温和低温与整体心脏病,缺血性心脏病,中风和心力衰竭的死亡风险增加有关.
- 热天导致心脏病死亡人数增加了2.2%,而冷天导致心脏病死亡人数增加了9.1%.
- 心力衰竭的死亡率最高, 极端高温死亡率为2. 6%, 极端寒冷死亡率为12. 8%.
结论:
- 极端温度显著增加全球不同人群中主要心血管疾病的死亡风险.
- 描述极端温度与心血管健康之间的相互作用至关重要,尤其是在气候变化的背景下.
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