使用合成细胞粘附分子编程多细胞组件
Adam J Stevens1,2,3, Andrew R Harris3,4,5, Josiah Gerdts1,2,3,6
1UCSF Cell Design Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Nature
|December 12, 2022
概括
研究人员通过结合天然的蛋白质部分来制造合成细胞粘附分子. 这些工程分子允许精确控制细胞相互作用,使定制组织组装和工程应用成为可能.
科学领域:
- 生物化学和分子生物学
- 细胞生物学
- 生物材料科学
背景情况:
- 细胞粘附分子 (CAM) 对于多细胞生物的功能至关重要,在发育,免疫和神经科学中调解细胞与细胞的相互作用.
- 像卡德林和整合素这样的本地CAM发挥着至关重要的作用,但缺乏精确工程的模块化.
- 了解CAM的结构功能关系是控制细胞组织的关键.
研究的目的:
- 开发一种具有可定制交互性质的合成细胞粘附分子工具包.
- 研究合成CAM如何用于编程组装多细胞结构.
- 探索合成CAM用于组织工程和研究多细胞组织的潜力.
主要方法:
- 通过将直角细胞外相互作用域与来自本地细胞内相互作用域 (例如,卡德林,整体) 的合成CAMs生成.
- 通过合成CAM介导的细胞相互作用的表征,分析粘附性质,接口形态和力学.
- 使用合成CAM工具包编程组装多细胞架构的演示.
主要成果:
- 成功生成了一系列多样化的合成CAM,表现出与原生细胞相似的粘附性质的定制细胞相互作用.
- 细胞内域决定了界面形态和机制,而细胞外域控制了细胞连接 (同型/异型).
- 合成CAM能够合理编程多细胞结构和系统地重塑本地组织.
结论:
- 合成细胞粘附分子提供了一个模块化平台,用于精确控制细胞间的相互作用.
- 这套工具提供了关于细胞接口演变的基本见解,并使先进的细胞和组织工程成为可能.
- 合成CAM是系统研究和操纵多细胞组织的强大工具.
相关概念视频
01:24Overview of Cell-Matrix Interactions
7.4K
The extracellular matrix or ECM holds cells together to form a tissue and allows the cells within the tissue to communicate. ECM comprises proteins such as fibronectin, collagen, laminin, etc. The most abundant protein in this space is collagen. Collagen fibers are interwoven with carbohydrate-containing protein molecules called proteoglycans. ECM allows cell migration and provides a structural scaffold at cell adhesion that anchors the cell when the extracellular matrix proteins interact with...
7.4K
01:14Cell Adhesion in Plants
2.8K
Plants have rigid cell walls that are made up of cell wall polysaccharides that mediate cell-cell adhesion. The primary cell walls of plants consist of two independent and interacting polysaccharide networks: a pectin matrix that embeds the second network comprising cellulose and hemicelluloses.
Pectins are complex heteropolymers mainly composed of negatively-charged α-D-glucopyranosyl uronic acid and some neutral glycosyl residues such as α-L-rhamnopyranose, α-L-arabinofuranose,...
Pectins are complex heteropolymers mainly composed of negatively-charged α-D-glucopyranosyl uronic acid and some neutral glycosyl residues such as α-L-rhamnopyranose, α-L-arabinofuranose,...
2.8K
01:24Adherens Junctions
4.9K
Strong contact points between adjacent cells anchor them to each other, forming tissues. Such anchoring junctions are of two types – adherens junctions and desmosomes. Adherens junctions are abundant in tissues such as epithelium and endothelium, forming a continuous zone of adhesion called the adhesion belt. In other tissues, such as heart muscle, they appear as clusters, linking the cells to produce coordinated heart muscle contraction.
Adherens Junctions are Dynamic
Adherens Junctions are Dynamic
4.9K
01:20Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions
7.0K
Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are pivotal to multicellularity and the coordinated functioning of tissues and organ systems. They enable physical interactions between cells and provide mechanical strength to tissues. They also function as receptors for signal transmission across the plasma membrane. The CAMs are broadly classified into four families - integrins, cadherins, selectins, and immunoglobulin-like CAMs (IgCAMs).
CAM Families
The Integrin family of proteins is primarily involved...
CAM Families
The Integrin family of proteins is primarily involved...
7.0K