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砍伐的热带森林增强了生态系统的多样性
Yadvinder Malhi1, Terhi Riutta2,3, Oliver R Wearn4
1Environmental Change Institute, School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. yadvinder.malhi@ouce.ox.ac.uk.
Nature
|December 14, 2022
概括
尽管人们普遍认为, 砍伐的热带森林并没有受到破坏. 它们表现出增强的生态系统功能和生物多样性,为鸟类和哺乳动物提供充满活力的食物网.
科学领域:
- 热带生态
- 保护生物学
- 生态系统科学
背景情况:
- 旧生长的热带森林对生物多样性和生物量至关重要.
- 砍伐的森林通常被认为是退化的生态系统.
- 伐木对生态系统功能的影响尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 评估热带森林破坏对生态系统能量的影响,重点关注鸟类和哺乳动物的食物通路和社区结构.
- 为了比较生态系统的功能, 在波尔尼奥的古老森林,砍伐森林和油棕种植园的梯度.
- 调查砍伐是否导致生态系统退化或功能增强.
主要方法:
- 使用生态系统能量学方法分析食物路径和社区结构.
- 在不同类型的森林中比较鸟类和哺乳动物的资源消耗和能量路径.
- 检查了波尔尼奥的古老森林和油棕种植园的梯度.
主要成果:
- 与旧生长的森林相比,被砍伐的森林的鸟类和哺乳动物总资源消耗增加了2.5倍.
- 砍伐森林的主要能量路径保持了高度的物种多样性和冗余性,这表明它们具有弹性.
- 转移到棕油种植园导致大部分能源途径崩.
结论:
- 森林的生态系统是充满活力的,
- 伐木可以提高资源的可及性和可口性,
- 与砍伐森林相比,油棕种植园的生态功能有很大的损失.
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