美国医疗保健工作者工会化趋势,2009-2021年
Ahmed M Ahmed1, Kushal Kadakia1, Alwiya Ahmed2
1Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
JAMA
|December 27, 2022
概括
美国医疗保健工作人员的工会化程度仍然很低,工会成员的薪水和福利也更高,工作时间也更长. 这一发现凸显了医疗保健行业工会的经济影响.
科学领域:
- 健康经济学
- 劳动关系
- 医疗保健劳动力研究
背景情况:
- 在美国,工会化正在增加,在某些部门已知有好处.
- 然而,在多元化的医疗保健工作人员中,工会成员的普遍性和经济影响仍未得到充分研究.
研究的目的:
- 调查美国医疗保健工作者的工会化情况.
- 分析工会成员与主要经济因素之间的关系,包括工资,非现金福利和工作时间.
主要方法:
- 使用来自2009-2021年当前人口调查年度社会和经济补充的横截面数据.
- 分析了14298名美国医疗保健工作者的样本.
- 检查自己报告的工会会员资格与每周收入,退休福利,医疗保险和工作时间.
主要成果:
- 在2009-2021年期间,美国医疗保健工作者中,工会的普及率保持低且稳定 (13.2%).
- 加入工会与获得更高的每周工资 (+123美元) 以及获得养老金和雇主医疗保险的可能性有很大关系.
- 工会工人每周工作时间略有增加 (1.11小时).
- 工会化减少了种族/少数民族和白人医疗保健工作者之间的工资差异.
结论:
- 美国医疗保健部门的工会组织较低,但为成员提供了显著的经济优势.
- 工会会员资格与薪酬和福利的提高有关,但也可能增加工作时间.
- 解决工会问题可能有助于减轻医疗保健工作人员的薪酬差距.
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