相关实验视频

Updated: Aug 15, 2025

A Quantitative Measurement of Reactive Oxygen Species and Senescence-associated Secretory Phenotype in Normal Human Fibroblasts During Oncogene-induced Senescence

A Quantitative Measurement of Reactive Oxygen Species and Senescence-associated Secretory Phenotype in Normal Human Fibroblasts During Oncogene-induced Senescence

Published on: August 12, 2018

在衰老过程中内源性逆转录病毒的复苏增强了衰老

Xiaoqian Liu¹, Zunpeng Liu², Zeming Wu³

¹State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Institute for Stem cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.

|January 7, 2023

概括

古老的病毒元素叫做内源逆转录病毒 (ERVs) 在衰老过程中唤醒,驱动细胞衰老和组织退化. 抑制这些ERV可以缓解衰老标志物.

科学领域:

基因组学
老龄化研究
病毒学

背景情况:

内生逆转录病毒 (ERV) 是基因组中的休眠病毒元素.
在老化过程中ERV的作用仍然很少被研究.
最近的ERV,如人类内源性逆转录病毒K (HERVK/HML-2),由于其最近的整合,特别有趣.

研究的目的:

研究唤醒ERV在细胞衰老和生物衰老中的潜在作用.
确定HERVK激活是否有助于表型衰老.
探索针对老化中的ERV激活的治疗策略.

主要方法:

对人类衰老细胞基因表达的分析.
检测和描述由HERVK产生的复原病毒样颗粒 (RVLP).
使用中和抗体阻断HERVKRVPs的实验.
在老年动物模型 (灵长类动物,小鼠) 和人类组织中检查ERV激活.
评估ERV抑制对衰老和衰老标志物的影响.

主要成果:

人类衰老细胞表现出未锁定的HERVK转录和HERVKRVPs的产生.
HERVK RVLP可以将衰老表型传递给年轻细胞.
中和抗体可以阻断HERVKRVPs的作用.
在老年灵长类动物和老鼠器官以及老年人组织和血清中观察到ERV激活.
抑制ERV可以减少细胞衰老,组织退化和生物老化.

结论:

内源逆转录病毒的重新激活,特别是HERVK,是细胞衰老和生物衰老的重要标志.
唤醒ERV是衰老的驱动力.
针对ERV的重新激活是缓解与年龄相关衰退的潜在治疗途径.

关键词:

HERVK 在年龄增长生物标志物驾驶员进行干预

更多相关视频

Techniques to Induce and Quantify Cellular Senescence

Techniques to Induce and Quantify Cellular Senescence

Published on: May 1, 2017

SA-β-Galactosidase-Based Screening Assay for the Identification of Senotherapeutic Drugs

SA-β-Galactosidase-Based Screening Assay for the Identification of Senotherapeutic Drugs

Published on: June 28, 2019

相关概念视频

Mechanisms of Retrovirus-induced Cancers

Mechanisms of Retrovirus-induced Cancers

Retroviruses are RNA viruses that have been shown to cause cancers in diverse species, including chickens, mice, cats, and monkeys. The RNA genomes of these viruses are first reverse-transcribed into single and then double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) copies. This dsDNA called proviral DNA then integrates into the host genome. Subsequently, the host cell transcribes the proviral DNA in concert with the chromosomal DNA. This leads to the production of viral RNA and proteins that assemble at the host...

Retrovirus Life Cycles

Retrovirus Life Cycles

Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the...

Size and Structure of Viral Genomes

Size and Structure of Viral Genomes

Viral genomes exhibit remarkable diversity in size, structure, and composition, influencing their replication strategies and interactions with host cells. These genomes consist of either DNA or RNA and may be linear or circular. Additionally, they can be single-stranded or double-stranded, with each configuration affecting how the virus propagates within a host. RNA viruses, for instance, generally have smaller genomes than DNA viruses, a factor that contributes to their high mutation rates and...

Retroviruses

Retroviruses

Retroviruses and retrotransposons both insert copies of their genetic elements into the genome of the host cell. Thus, the viral genes are passed on when the host genome is replicated or translated. A typical retroviral DNA sequence contains 3-4 genes that encode the different proteins required for its structural assembly and function as a molecular parasite. This DNA is transcribed into a single mRNA, which is very similar in structure to conventional mRNAs, i.e., it is capped at the 5’...

Replicative Cell Senescence

Replicative Cell Senescence

Replicative cell senescence is a property of cells that allows them to divide a finite number of times throughout the organism's lifespan while preventing excessive proliferation. Replicative senescence is associated with the gradual loss of the telomere — short, repetitive DNA sequences found at the end of the chromosomes. Telomeres are bound by a group of proteins to form a protective cap on the ends of chromosomes. Embryonic stem cells express telomerase — an enzyme that adds...

Viral Mutations

Viral Mutations

A mutation is a change in the sequence of bases of DNA or RNA in a genome. Some mutations occur during replication of the genome due to errors made by the polymerase enzymes that replicate DNA or RNA. Unlike DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase is prone to errors because it is not capable of “proofreading” its work. Viruses with RNA-based genomes, like HIV, therefore accrue mutations faster than viruses with DNA-based genomes. Because mutation and recombination provide the raw material...