在HLA类I缺陷的癌症中,γδ T细胞是免疫疗法的作用因子
Natasja L de Vries1,2, Joris van de Haar3,4,5, Vivien Veninga3,4
1Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Nature
|January 11, 2023
概括
具有β2-微球蛋白 (B2M) 不活化的DNA不匹配修复缺陷 (MMR-d) 癌症仍然对免疫检查点阻塞 (ICB) 有反应. 这种反应与 γδ T 细胞的透增加有关,这表明它们在这些癌症的免疫治疗中的作用.
科学领域:
- 免疫学
- 癌症学
- 遗传学
背景情况:
- 具有DNA不匹配修复缺陷 (MMR-d) 的癌症通常表现出高的新抗原负载,与免疫检查点阻塞 (ICB) 的异常响应相关.
- 在一些MMR-d癌症中观察到对HLAI类表达必不可少的β2-微球蛋白 (B2M) 的基因组失活.
研究的目的:
- 调查在MMR-d癌症中持续的ICB反应的机制与B2M无活化.
- 在B2M缺乏的情况下确定参与ICB反应的免疫细胞.
主要方法:
- 对21种MMR-d癌症进行基因组B2M无活化的分析.
- 在瘤样本中评估免疫细胞透,重点是γδ T细胞.
- 在体外测试 γδ T 细胞的功能测试.
- 在PD-1和CTLA-4双阻塞之前和之后的瘤样本的比较.
主要成果:
- 在B2M无活化的MMR-d癌症中,95%的患者保持了对ICB的反应.
- 在B2M无活化和Vδ1和Vδ3 γδT细胞的透增加之间发现了强烈的关联.
- PD-1+ γδ T细胞对HLA类I阴性癌细胞和B2M淘汰器官有增强的反应性.
- 在B2M缺乏的癌症中,ICB治疗显著增加了γδT细胞的频率.
结论:
- 在HLA类I阴性MMR-d癌症中,γδ T细胞有助于ICB反应.
- 这些发现突显了γδ T细胞作为癌症免疫治疗的治疗点的潜力,特别是在B2M缺乏的瘤中.
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