降低亲和力作为一种提高免疫调节抗体激应的策略
Xiaojie Yu1, Christian M Orr2, H T Claude Chan1
1Antibody and Vaccine Group, Centre for Cancer Immunology, School of Cancer Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton, UK.
Nature
|February 1, 2023
概括
通过促进受体聚合,较低的抗体亲和度增强了免疫细胞的激活和抗瘤作用. 这一发现挑战了传统的目标,并为开发强效的免疫调节抗体疗法提供了新的策略.
科学领域:
- 免疫学
- 分子生物学
- 治疗抗体的开发
背景情况:
- 抗体亲和成熟的目标是高亲和结合致病原体的中和和治疗效果.
- 针对受体信号的免疫调节抗体的抗体亲和力和功能之间的关系仍未得到充分研究.
研究的目的:
- 研究针对CD40,4 - 1BB和PD-1受体的免疫调节抗体的亲和功能关系.
- 确定较低的抗体亲和度是否可以增强受体信号和免疫细胞激活.
主要方法:
- 检查了三种主要免疫受体的抗体结合亲和力和功能活性:CD40,4 - 1BB和PD-1.
- 包括尼沃卢马布 (抗PD-1) 在内的单克隆抗体的低亲和度变体.
- 在临床前模型中评估了免疫细胞激活,T细胞扩张和抗瘤活性.
主要成果:
- 通过增强的受体聚类,导致较低的抗体亲和力而不是较高的亲和力.
- 低亲和度的CD40抗体增加了免疫细胞的激活,T细胞的扩张和抗瘤功效.
- 一个惰性抗-4- 1BB抗体通过亲和力修改转化为激动剂.
- 抗PD-1 (nivolumab) 的低亲和性变体显示出增强的信号传递和T细胞激活.
结论:
- 抗体亲和力可以设计为优化免疫调节抗体功能,较低亲和力可以增强激素作用.
- 这种方法为开发各种受体家族的强效抗体疗法提供了可调整的策略.
- 这些发现为抗体介导的受体信号传递和治疗开发提供了新的范式.
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