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相关概念视频

Polymer Classification: Architecture01:14

Polymer Classification: Architecture

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Polymers are classified as linear or branched on the basis of their chain architecture. The polymer chains in linear polymers have a long chain-like structure with minimal to no branching at all. Even if a polymer features large substituent groups on the monomer, which appear as branches to the skeleton, it is not considered a branched polymer. A branched polymer contains secondary polymer chains that arise from the main polymer chain. The branching occurs when the polymer growth shifts from...
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The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
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Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism00:57

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The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
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The introduction of polyesters has brought major development to the textile industry. The wrinkle-free behavior of polyester blends has eliminated the need for starching and ironing clothes.
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Bioplastics derived from microbial processes present a sustainable alternative to conventional petroleum-based plastics. Among these, polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), particularly polyhydroxybutyrates (PHBs), have emerged as prominent candidates due to their biodegradability and biocompatibility. These polymers are synthesized by a variety of bacteria, such as Cupriavidus necator and Pseudomonas putida, which naturally accumulate PHAs as intracellular carbon and energy reserves, especially under...
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Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is a synthetic polymer widely utilized in the packaging industry, particularly for bottles and containers. Due to its chemical stability and durability, PET accumulates in the environment, contributing significantly to plastic pollution. It comprises repeating units of terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol, resulting in a semi-crystalline structure that is resistant to natural degradation processes.A notable breakthrough in plastic biodegradation came with the...
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Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications
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用于高效的有机高功率储能的生物基聚乙烯

Florian Le Goupil1, Victor Salvado1, Valère Rothan1

  • 1Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (LCPO UMR 5629), Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, 16 Avenue Pey-Berland, Bordeaux INP, 33607 Pessac Cedex, France.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|February 17, 2023
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

完全生物基的聚氨酸为储能提供了可持续的解决方案. 这些材料提供了与石化替代品相比较高的能量密度和效率,为绿色技术铺平了道路.

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科学领域:

  • 材料科学
  • 能量储存
  • 聚合物化学

背景情况:

  • 可持续能源需要有效的储能来管理间歇性.
  • 有机聚合物被探索为高功率电容器的可扩展和绿色介电材料.
  • 现有材料往往依赖于石化来源, 这凸显了生物替代品的需要.

研究的目的:

  • 为高性能储能应用合成和表征完全生物基的聚乙 (PHU).
  • 评估合成的PHU的介电性质,包括电容性和分解强度.
  • 评估生物基PHU作为电容介电物的储能性能和效率.

主要方法:

  • 通过与生物基二碳酸盐和生物基二胺反应合成生物基PHU.
  • PHU的特性:玻璃过渡温度 (Tg),电容性 (εr),分解强度 (EB) 和介电损耗 (tan δ).
  • 评估储能性能,包括排放能量密度 (Ue) 和排放效率 (η).

主要成果:

  • 合成的完全生物基的PHU,其玻璃过渡温度 (Tg) 约为50°C.
  • 达到高的导电性 (εr > 8) 和破裂强度 (EB > 400 MV·m-1).
  • 证明了低压电损失 (tan δ < 0.03) 和高放电能量密度 (Ue > 6 J·cm-3).
  • 具有优异的排放效率 (η=85%在EB,高达91%在0.5EB).

结论:

  • 生物基的PHU在高功率电容应用中表现出有希望的介电性质.
  • 合成的PHU具有与石化材料相美的储能性能.
  • 这些生物材料是绿色储能解决方案的可持续和高效途径.