针对新抗原的CD8+ T细胞反应与PD-1阻断疗法
Cristina Puig-Saus1,2,3,4, Barbara Sennino5, Songming Peng5
1Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA. cpuigsaus@mednet.ucla.edu.
Nature
|March 8, 2023
概括
在黑色素瘤中,有效的抗编程死亡受体-1 (PD-1) 免疫疗法与针对特定突变的多克隆CD8+T细胞有关. 这些新抗原特异性T细胞随着时间的推移在血液和瘤中经常被检测到.
科学领域:
- 免疫学
- 癌症学
- 遗传学
背景情况:
- 由人类白细胞抗原 (HLA) 产生的新抗原被抗瘤T细胞识别.
- 由于HLA多样性和临床样本有限,研究新抗原特异性T细胞反应具有挑战性.
研究的目的:
- 在接受抗编程死亡受体-1 (PD-1) 免疫治疗的转移性黑色素瘤患者中研究新抗原向的T细胞反应.
- 确定与有效免疫治疗相关的T细胞反应的特征.
主要方法:
- 应用新技术从患者血液和瘤中捕获新抗原特异性T细胞并克隆其T细胞受体 (neoTCR).
- 为单细胞分离生成个性化的新抗原-HLA捕获试剂.
- 利用CRISPR-Cas9基因编辑在捐赠者T细胞中复制新TCR.
主要成果:
- 在对抗PD-1疗法的长期反应的患者中发现了识别有限突变的多克隆T细胞克隆类型.
- 这些新TCR克隆类型在血液和瘤样本中随着时间的推移而反复检测到.
- 没有反应的患者表现出新抗原特异性T细胞反应,但TCR多克隆性较低,没有复发.
结论:
- 有效的抗PD-1免疫疗法与针对免疫主导突变的多克隆CD8+T细胞存在相关.
- 这些T细胞表现出特定的识别和细胞毒性,这是基因编辑实验证明的.
- 随着时间的推移,T细胞对新抗原的反复识别是成功免疫治疗的标志.
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