转换作物可以提高中国的环境可持续性和农民收入
Wei Xie1, Anfeng Zhu2, Tariq Ali3
1China Center for Agricultural Policy, School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China. xiewei.ccap@pku.edu.cn.
Nature
|March 17, 2023
概括
在中国,协调的作物转换可以大大提高可持续性和农民收入. 集中式规划可以防止权衡,从而减少用水量,温室气体排放和杀虫剂/肥料的使用.
科学领域:
- 农业科学
- 环境科学
- 可持续性研究
背景情况:
- 自1990年以来,中国的农作物产量翻了一番,
- 为了提高效率和减少对环境的影响,正在进行干预.
- 转换作物的可持续作物系统的潜力和协调行动的必要性仍然不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 量化中国农作物生产可持续性的现状.
- 评估作物转换是否可以实现更可持续的作物系统.
- 确定是否需要协调行动以避免在可持续性成果中进行权衡.
主要方法:
- 使用高分辨率的农作物产量,收获面积,环境足迹和农民收入数据.
- 在不同的协调场景下进行空间优化,以重新分配作物.
- 分离与中央协调的作物转换方法的评估结果.
主要成果:
- 单独的作物转换方法带来了个别的好处,但也带来了跨层面和区域的权衡.
- 中央协调防止了权衡,导致了共同利益:减少蓝水 (-4.5%至 -18.5%),绿水 (-4.4%至 -9.5%),温室气体 (-1.7%至 -7.7%),肥料 (-5.2%至 -10.9%) 和农药 (-4.3%至 -10.8%).
- 在中央协调下,农民收入增长2.9%至7.5%.
结论:
- 中央协调的作物转换为实现中国2030年农业可持续发展目标做出了重大贡献 (23%-40%).
- 这种方法可以大大节省全球资源.
- 农作物转换的综合战略可以为目标干预提供多层面的可持续性附带效益.
相关概念视频
What is Climate?
18.7K
Climate refers to the prevailing weather conditions in a specific area over an extended period. As the saying goes, “Climate is what you expect. Weather is what you get.” Climate is influenced by geographic factors, such as latitude, terrain, and proximity to bodies of water.
18.7K
Adaptations that Reduce Water Loss
25.9K
Though evaporation from plant leaves drives transpiration, it also results in loss of water. Because water is critical for photosynthetic reactions and other cellular processes, evolutionary pressures on plants in different environments have driven the acquisition of adaptations that reduce water loss.
25.9K
Responses to Drought and Flooding
10.8K
Water plays a significant role in the life cycle of plants. However, insufficient or excess of water can be detrimental and pose a serious threat to plants.
10.8K
Transgenic Plants
7.3K
Recombinant DNA technology called transgenesis is often used to add a foreign gene or remove a detrimental gene from an organism. Such genetically modified organisms are called transgenic organisms.
The first-ever transgenic plant was a tobacco plant developed in 1983 that showed resistance against the tobacco mosaic virus. Since then, many transgenic plants have been developed and commercialized for improving the agricultural, ornamental, and horticultural value of a crop plant. Transgenic...
The first-ever transgenic plant was a tobacco plant developed in 1983 that showed resistance against the tobacco mosaic virus. Since then, many transgenic plants have been developed and commercialized for improving the agricultural, ornamental, and horticultural value of a crop plant. Transgenic...
7.3K
Microorganisms in Agriculture and Food industry
131
Microorganisms play a crucial role in agriculture and the food industry, contributing to soil fertility, crop protection, and food production. Their functions range from nitrogen fixation and biopesticide production to fermentation and food preservation, making them indispensable to sustainable farming and food safety.Role in AgricultureNitrogen-fixing bacteria, such as Rhizobium (symbiotic) and Azotobacter (free-living), convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia through biological nitrogen...
131
Plant Breeding and Biotechnology
19.5K
Crop cultivation has a long history in human civilization, with records showing the cultivation of cereal plants beginning at around 8000 BC. This early plant breeding was developed primarily to provide a steady supply of food.
19.5K


