英格兰50万非欧盟移民和难民的COVID-19疫苗接种情况:一项基于人口的回顾性队列研究
Rachel Burns1, Ines Campos-Matos2, Katie Harron3
1Centre for Public Health Data Science, Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, UK.
Lancet (London, England)
|March 17, 2023
概括
英格兰的移民在接种COVID-19疫苗的速度较慢,尤其是难民和老年人,这凸显了接种疫苗的不平等. 需要有针对性的战略来解决障碍,并改善不同移民群体的疫苗公平.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生
- 流行病学
- 医疗公平
背景情况:
- COVID-19 显示出移民群体的健康差异很大.
- 移民的免疫不足风险已知,但英格兰的COVID-19疫苗接种数据仍然有限.
研究的目的:
- 分析英格兰移民中COVID-19疫苗接种趋势和延迟情况.
- 为了比较移民群体和普通人口的接种疫苗.
- 根据年龄,签证类型和种族来确定差异.
主要方法:
- 以人口为基础的回顾性队列研究将百万移民队列与国家COVID-19疫苗接种数据联系起来.
- 使用由NHS数字改编的逐步确定性匹配程序.
- 分析了2020年12月至2022年4月第一,第二和第三剂量摄入的时间趋势和差异.
主要成果:
- 与一般人群相比,移民 (91. 8% 接受第二剂, 51. 3% 接受第三剂) 的第一剂吸收速度较慢,年轻人之间的差距更大.
- 难民有较高的延迟第二剂 (OR 1.75) 和第三剂 (OR 1.41) 的风险.
- 较年长的移民 (> 65岁) 错过第二次或第三次疫苗接种的可能性是一般人群的四倍以上.
结论:
- 在所有移民年龄组中,接种第一剂COVID-19疫苗的速度较慢.
- 难民和老年移民的接种时间较长,接种第二剂和第三剂较少.
- 解决个人和结构性障碍对于改善不同移民社区接种疫苗至关重要.
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