在三框架膜内几乎无摩擦的离子传输
Peipei Zuo1, Chunchun Ye2, Zhongren Jiao1
1Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Material Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P. R. China.
Nature
|April 26, 2023
概括
研究人员开发了具有封闭离子通道的先进合成膜, 这些低阻力,高选择性膜接近离子扩散极限,增强能量储存和分离过程.
科学领域:
- 材料科学
- 电化学
- 化学工程
背景情况:
- 电化学技术的进步,如水电解剂,燃料电池和氧化还原流电池,依赖于高效的离子传输膜.
- 目前面临的挑战包括设计具有低阻力,高选择性,可扩展性和成本效益的膜.
- 离子传输由孔隙结构和孔隙-分析物相互作用控制,影响能量障碍.
研究的目的:
- 开发新的合成膜,使离子传输几乎没有摩擦,从而提高电化学设备的性能.
- 在能源障碍和选择性方面克服现有膜的局限性.
- 展示膜设计在储能和分离方面的广泛应用.
主要方法:
- 使用共聚合聚合物框架制造大面积的独立合成膜.
- 在聚合物框架内设计刚性限制的离子通道,以促进低能障碍传输.
- 离子扩散系数和特定区域的膜电阻的表征.
主要成果:
- 达到1.18 × 10^-9 m2s-1的Na+扩散系数,接近纯水中的扩散极限.
- 显示了0.17 Ωcm2的低面积特异性膜电阻.
- 在水性有机氧化还原流电池中成功实现了膜,在高电流密度 (高达500 mAcm-2) 中显示出高能效和容量利用率.
- 防止离子交叉引起的容量衰减.
结论:
- 开发的膜设计具有强大的微孔封闭和多离子相互作用,显著提高离子传输效率.
- 这些膜为下一代电化学设备和精确的分子分离提供了有前途的解决方案.
- 该战略为设计高效,可扩展和低成本的选择性离子传输膜提供了途径.
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