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通过斯坦尼特离子电化学高能Sn-Ni和Sn-Air水性电池

Wanhai Zhou¹, Ming Song², Pei Liang³

¹Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, College of Chemistry and Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China.

Journal of the American Chemical Society

|May 2, 2023

概括

研究人员为水性电池开发了一种新的性锡阳极,使其具有高能量密度和长周期寿命. 这一突破提供了安全,可靠和负担得起的储能解决方案.

科学领域:

电化学
材料科学
能量储存

背景情况:

锡 (Sn) 是水性电池 (AB) 的一个有前途的阳极材料,因为它具有高的理论容量,多个电子反应能力和环保性.
然而,高热力学障碍和低电化学动力学等挑战阻碍了高效的性涂/剥离.
现有的基于Sn的AB还没有实现轻松高性能运行.

研究的目的:

为了证明性Sn阳极的高可逆性斯坦尼特离子电化学.
构建一种新型的高能基水性电池.
为了克服当前AB中Sn的局限性.

主要方法:

用光谱鉴定 (例如XPS,拉曼) 来分析表面化学和反应产物.
电化学评估包括循环电压测量,静电循环和速率能力测试.
理论计算 (例如,DFT) 来研究反应机制和能量障碍.

主要成果:

实现了具有低反应能量障碍和可行的H2O参与的可逆斯坦尼特离子电化学.
开发了一种性Sn阳极,电位低 (-1.07V与Hg/HgO),特异容量高 (450mAhg-1),库伦比效率接近100%.
证明了优异的速度能力 (45.5 A g-1) 和循环耐用性,没有树突或死的形成.
基于Sn的高能AB:1.45VSn-Ni (314Whkg-1) 和1.0VSn-空气 (420Whkg-1).

结论:

对于高性能水性电池,性Sn金属阳极的可行性已被证明.
开发的斯坦尼特离子化学提供了热力学和动力学优势.
新的高能基水性电池提供了安全,可靠和负担得起的储能替代方案.

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