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对有害突变的基因组学发现促进了杂交马的繁殖

Yaoyao Wu¹, Dawei Li², Yong Hu³

¹State Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Breeding, Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518120, China; Institute for Genomic Diversity, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.

|May 5, 2023

概括

混合马育种旨在通过识别和管理有害突变来制造种子繁殖双胞胎. 这项研究揭示了突变模式,并改善了基因组预测,以获得更好的土豆育种结果.

科学领域:

遗传学
植物育种
进化生物学

背景情况:

马的繁殖历史上依赖于四平体,克隆的繁殖,限制了遗传多样性.
在土豆基因组中累积的有害突变阻碍了精英的同系和杂交品种的发展.
转变为双胞胎种子繁殖的土豆需要了解和管理遗传负荷.

研究的目的:

使用进化策略识别马基因组中的有害突变.
在基因组中描述有害变异的景观和特性.
评估有害突变对育种基因组预测的影响.

主要方法:

构建了92个Solanaceae和相关物种的全基因组.
采用进化策略来确定高度受限制的基因组位置.
使用双胞胎土豆多样性面板推断有害变种.

主要成果:

鉴定出约2.4%的基因组是具有有害突变的高度受限制的部位.
推断了367,499个有害变体,其中50%在非编码和15%在同义地点.
包括有害突变使基因组预测准确度提高了24.7%.

结论:

有害突变具有显著的全基因组发病率,并影响土豆繁殖.
具有较高同卵性有害负担的双胞胎系可能对同卵性系的发展有价值.
了解有害突变对于促进杂交马繁殖和作物改善至关重要.

关键词:

索拉纳科科有害的突变进化约束基因组预测杂交的土豆

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Monohybrid Crosses

Monohybrid Crosses

Trihybrid Crosses

Trihybrid Crosses

Trihybrid Crosses
Some of Mendel’s crosses examined three pairs of contrasting characteristics. Such a cross is called a trihybrid cross. A trihybrid cross is a combination of three individual monohybrid crosses. For example, plant height (tall vs. short), seed shape (round vs. wrinkled), and seed color (yellow vs. green).
The F1 generation plants of a trihybrid cross are heterozygous for all three traits and produce eight gametes. Upon self-fertilization, these gametes have an equal...