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与细菌NLR相关的蛋白质保护菌体

Emily M Kibby¹, Amy N Conte¹, A Maxwell Burroughs²

¹Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA.

|May 9, 2023

概括

细菌具有NACHT蛋白质,与动物NLR相同,可以抵抗菌体感染. 这些古老的蛋白质揭示了包括人类在内的各种生命形式的共同天生的免疫机制.

科学领域:

微生物学
免疫学
分子生物学

背景情况:

细菌使用多种免疫路径来对抗菌体感染.
一些细菌免疫基因与真核天生的免疫系统组件具有同质性,这表明水平基因转移.
核酸结合域和含有白蛋白的重复蛋白 (NLR) 对于动物的先天免疫,特别是炎症酶激活至关重要.

研究的目的:

研究细菌中含有NACHT模块的蛋白质的存在和功能.
确定细菌NACHT蛋白是否提供对菌体感染的免疫力.
探索细菌和真核NACHT蛋白之间的进化关系和共享信号机制.

主要方法:

在细菌基因组中识别NACHT蛋白的生物信息分析.
菌体挑战测试以评估细菌NACHT蛋白对DNA和RNA菌体的免疫功能.
细菌和人类NLR蛋白之间的域架构的比较分析.
使用细菌NACHT蛋白和人类NLR突变的功能测试来研究信号通路.

主要成果:

含有NACHT模块的蛋白质在细菌中广泛存在.
细菌NACHT蛋白对DNA和RNA菌体产生免疫力.
这些蛋白质具有类似于真核细胞NLR的保存模块结构 (传感器,NACHT,效应器).
在人类NLR中引起构成性炎症酶激活的突变也激活了细菌NACHT蛋白,表明信号保存.

结论:

在细菌和真核生物中保存的NACHT蛋白质是先天免疫的古老媒介.
细菌NACHT蛋白的发现为真核NLR和炎症体的进化起源提供了洞察力.
这项研究突出了从细菌到人类的共同免疫基础.

关键词:

晚上在 NLR 立场细菌菌体炎症组天生的免疫力菌体防御

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