在高速电池应用过程中绘制内部温度
T M M Heenan1,2, I Mombrini1,3, A Llewellyn1
1Electrochemical Innovation Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, University College of London, London, UK.
Nature
|May 17, 2023
概括
高速电动汽车电池使用会导致内部温度升高. 新的X射线衍射方法非破坏性地绘制了离子电池温度,揭示了充电协议影响的热积累.
科学领域:
- 材料科学
- 电化学
- 热管理
背景情况:
- 电动汽车需要高的充/放电速度,导致离子电池的内部温度升高.
- 密封的离子电池使内部温度的测量变得困难.
- 通过X射线衍射 (XRD) 的电流收集器扩展提供了非破坏性的内部温度监测.
研究的目的:
- 在高速运行期间 (超过3C) 描述18650离子电池的内部温度,应变和电荷状态.
- 使用先进的同步XRD方法进行操作温度映射和单点测量.
主要方法:
- 操作同步X射线衍射 (XRD) 用于细胞截面的温度映射.
- 在充放电周期中进行单点XRD测量.
- 具有不同能量和功率优化的18650离子电池的特征.
主要成果:
- 在20分钟内放电一个能量优化的电池 (3.5Ah) 导致内部温度>70°C.
- 一个功率优化的电池 (1.5Ah) 的更快的12分钟放电产生了<50°C的温度.
- 在相同的电流下 (例如6A放电),两种电池类型都显示了相似的峰值温度 (~40°C).
- 操作温度升高与热积累有关,由充电协议 (CC/CV) 和细胞降解加剧.
结论:
- 这项研究展示了一种新的,非破坏性的方法,用于在高速运行时测量离子电池的内部温度.
- 充电协议显著影响热量积累,影响电池性能和寿命.
- 这种方法可以指导电动汽车改进的热管理策略的开发.
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