用户选择与谷歌搜索所接触的更多党派新闻互动
Ronald E Robertson1,2, Jon Green3, Damian J Ruck3
1Stanford University, Stanford Internet Observatory, Stanford, CA, USA. rer@acm.org.
Nature
|May 24, 2023
概括
用户在谷歌搜索中选择比他们接触的更多不可靠和党派新闻. 用户的选择, 而不是算法,
科学领域:
- 社会科学
- 沟通研究
- 政治科学
背景情况:
- 在线平台可能会导致政治两极分化,
- 现有研究通常依赖于参与数据或假设暴露,因为测量现实暴露具有挑战性.
- 用户选择和算法策划在塑造在线信息消费中的作用仍在争论中.
研究的目的:
- 通过使用生态有效的数据, 调查谷歌搜索的新闻曝光和参与.
- 区分算法策划与用户选择对新闻消费模式的影响.
- 在2018年和2020年美国大选期间检查新闻曝光和参与度.
主要方法:
- 这是一项两波研究, 结合了调查与对Google搜索的曝光和参与度的生态有效衡量.
- 数据收集集中在选举期间的用户接触 (显示的URL) 和参与 (选择的URL).
- 分析比较了身份一致和不可靠的新闻来源.
主要成果:
- 参与者在谷歌搜索中的参与选择和整体显示出更多与身份一致且不可靠的新闻, 而不是他们的搜索结果曝光.
- 这种模式在2018年和2020年美国大选中也是如此.
- 这些发现表明用户选择在这个现象中扮演着比算法策划更重要的角色.
结论:
- 用户的选择, 而不是算法策划, 是与党派或不可靠的新闻在谷歌搜索参与的主要驱动力.
- 了解用户行为对于解决在线新闻消费和政治两极分化问题至关重要.
- 未来的研究应该继续探索在线信息环境中的算法和用户代理之间的相互作用.
相关概念视频
01:01Group Polarization
34.4K
Group polarization is the strengthening of an original group attitude following the discussion of views within a group (Teger & Pruitt, 1967). That is, if a group initially favors a viewpoint, after discussion the group consensus is likely a stronger endorsement of the viewpoint. Conversely, if the group was initially opposed to a viewpoint, group discussion would likely lead to stronger opposition.
34.4K
02:16Surveys
14.9K
Often, psychologists develop surveys as a means of gathering data. Surveys are lists of questions to be answered by research participants, and can be delivered as paper-and-pencil questionnaires, administered electronically, or conducted verbally. Generally, the survey itself can be completed in a short time, and the ease of administering a survey makes it easy to collect data from a large number of people.
14.9K
01:31Confirmation Biases
5.5K
The confirmation bias is the tendency to focus on information that confirms our existing beliefs and ignore information that is inconsistent with our expectations. For example, if you think that your professor is not very nice, you notice all of the instances of rude behavior exhibited by the professor while ignoring the countless pleasant interactions he is involved in on a daily basis. Have you ever fallen prey to the confirmation bias, either as the source or target of such bias?
5.5K
02:01Factorial Design
13.1K
Factorial Analysis is an experimental design that applies Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) statistical procedures to examine a change in a dependent variable due to more than one independent variable, also known as factors. Changes in worker productivity can be reasoned, for example, to be influenced by salary and other conditions, such as skill level. One way to test this hypothesis is by categorizing salary into three levels (low, moderate, and high) and skills sets into two levels (entry level...
13.1K
01:08The Availability Heuristic
6.0K
A heuristic is a general problem-solving framework (Tversky & Kahneman, 1974). You can think of these as mental shortcuts that are used to solve problems. Different types of heuristics are used in different types of situations, and the impulse to use a heuristic occurs when one of five conditions is met (Pratkanis, 1989):
6.0K
02:55Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination
90.3K
Humans are very diverse and although we share many similarities, we also have many differences. The social groups we belong to help form our identities (Tajfel, 1974). These differences may be difficult for some people to reconcile, which may lead to prejudice toward people who are different. Prejudice is a negative attitude and feeling toward an individual based solely on one’s membership in a particular social group (Allport, 1954; Brown, 2010). Prejudice is common against people who...
90.3K