瘤细胞外囊泡和颗粒诱导肝脏代谢功能障碍
Gang Wang1, Jianlong Li1,2, Linda Bojmar1,3
1Children's Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics, and Cell and Developmental Biology, Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Nature
|May 24, 2023
概括
来自瘤的细胞外囊泡和颗粒 (EVP) 导致脂肪肝,并通过诱导炎症来损害药物代谢. 减少EVP分泌或阻断TNF可以预防这些肝脏变化并改善化疗耐受性.
科学领域:
- 癌症学
- 肝病学
- 分子生物学
背景情况:
- 癌症会导致经过转移的全身器官功能障碍.
- 肝脏受到严重影响,出现炎症,脂肪肝和代谢失调.
- 肝外转移与这些全身性肝脏变化有关.
研究的目的:
- 研究瘤衍生的细胞外囊泡和粒子 (EVP) 在癌症诱导的肝脏重编程中的作用.
- 确定EVP调节肝功能的机制.
- 探索针对EVP和相关途径的治疗策略.
主要方法:
- 使用小鼠模型和患者数据来研究癌症中的肝脏变化.
- 鉴定和表征瘤衍生的EVP,包括外体和外体.
- 研究了EVP脂肪酸,特别是棕酸对库普弗细胞和TNF分泌的影响.
- 评估了Kupffer细胞剥离,TNF阻断和EVP枯竭 (Rab27a) 对肝功能和药物代谢的影响.
- 分析了与EVP和TNF有关的P450基因表达和药物代谢.
主要成果:
- 瘤衍生的EVP是癌症诱导的肝脏重编程的关键媒介,导致炎症和脂肪肝.
- 在EVP中含有的棕酸会诱导库普弗细胞的TNF分泌,促进炎症,抑制新陈代谢,并导致脂肪肝.
- 通过 Rab27a 耗尽减少 EVP 分泌可以逆转肝脏重编程.
- 阻断TNF或Kupffer细胞切除减少了瘤诱导的脂肪肝.
- EVP以TNF依赖的方式降低了细胞染色体P450表达和减弱了药物代谢.
- 在发生转移的癌症患者中观察到脂肪肝和P450降低.
结论:
- 来自瘤的EVP,特别是外体,通过涉及TNF的机制来调节肝功能.
- 针对EVP分泌和TNF信号提供了一种预防脂肪肝和增强化疗效的策略.
- 由于副作用的增加,EVP对肝脏的代谢重编程可能会限制化学疗法的耐受性.
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