在玉米胚胎袋中控制细胞化,核定位和抗脚细胞集群的发展
Antony M Chettoor1, Bing Yang2,3, Matthew M S Evans1
1Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Genetics
|May 26, 2023
概括
玉米胚胎囊的发育需要精确的核定位. 编码MAP65-3的不确定的体细胞2基因对于玉米的细胞化和正常种子发育至关重要.
科学领域:
- 植物生殖生物学 植物生殖生物学
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 遗传学 遗传学 是一个
背景情况:
- 玉米雌性配体从一个syncytium通过核分裂和细胞化发展.
- 精确的核定位在syncytium中决定了细胞化过程中的细胞命运.
- 反足细胞,协同基体和卵细胞是雌性性质细胞的关键组成部分.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究未确定性体型蛋白2 (ig2) 基因在玉米雌性体型蛋白发育中的作用.
- 了解微管相关蛋白65-3 (MAP65-3) 在细胞化和核定位中的功能.
- 在细胞化之前识别影响细胞命运决定的遗传因素.
主要方法:
- 对玉米突变体的分析,这些突变体在雌性性质细胞的发育中存在缺陷.
- 对未确定的双胞胎基因2 (ig2) 基因进行基因分析.
- 在植物胚胎发生过程中,微管相关蛋白功能的表征.
主要成果:
- 在ig2的突变导致额外的极性核,异常的抗脚细胞形态和减少的抗脚细胞数量.
- ig2编码的是微管关联蛋白65-3 (MAP65-3) 的同类物,该蛋白对合成胚胎囊细胞化至关重要.
- 细胞认同的关键在于syncytium中的核定位,而ig2突变会破坏这个过程.
- 伊格2效应的时间表明,核身份可以在发育的晚期被改变.
结论:
- 由ig2编码的MAP65-3在玉米雌性体细胞细胞化和种子发育中起着至关重要的作用.
- 核定位和细胞命运决定是发育中的胚胎囊中严格规范的过程.
- 遗传因素可以在细胞化之前,在细胞体发育的非常晚期影响核身份.
相关概念视频
01:33Cleavage and Blastulation
45.4K
After a large-single-celled zygote is produced via fertilization, the process of cleavage occurs while zygotes travel through the uterine tube. Cleavage is a mitotic cell division that does not result in growth. With each round of successive cell division, daughter cells get increasingly smaller.
45.4K
01:10Zygotic Development And Stem Cell Formation
5.3K
The development of all multicellular organisms starts with the fusion of haploid cells called sperm and egg to form a diploid zygote. A zygote is a totipotent cell that can develop into a complete organism. The zygote undergoes cell division or cleavage to form an 8-cell mass. Until this stage, the cells are spherical, loosely attached, and remain totipotent. Totipotent cells are capable of developing both the embryonic and the extraembryonic tissues. However, as they continue to divide, they...
5.3K
02:13Determining the Plane of Cell Division
3.4K
Positioning the cell division plane is a critical step during development and cell differentiation, particularly during mitosis when the plane is essential for determining the size of the two daughter cells. The cell division plane is perpendicular to the plane of chromosome segregation, but different types of organisms have different cell division mechanisms to suit their morphology and function.
Animal cells
In animal cells, the cleavage furrow forms along the plane of cell division...
Animal cells
In animal cells, the cleavage furrow forms along the plane of cell division...
3.4K
01:59The Phragmoplast
5.2K
Cell division is essential for organismal growth and development. In animal cells, the central spindle and its associated proteins form the midbody, a structure that has an essential role in cytokinesis. In plants, the central spindle, along with the microtubules, actin, and other cell components, matures into the phragmoplast, which is necessary for cytokinesis. Unlike the stationary midbody, the phragmoplast expands centrifugally, eventually leading to the formation of the new cell wall.
The...
The...
5.2K
02:19Morphogenesis
28.5K
Plant morphogenesis—the development of a plant’s form and structure—involves several overlapping developmental processes, including growth and cell differentiation. Precursor cells differentiate into specific cell types, which are organized into the tissues and organ systems that make up the functional plant.
28.5K
01:02Role of Microtubules in Cell Wall Deposition
2.5K
Microtubules are small hollow tubes in eukaryotic cells. The cell wall microtubules are polymerized dimers of two globular proteins, α-tubulin and β-tubulin, two globular proteins. With a diameter of about 25 nm, microtubules are the widest components of the cytoskeleton. They help the cell resist compression and provide a track along which vesicles move through the cell or pull replicated chromosomes to opposite ends of a dividing cell. Microtubules go through quick cycles of...
2.5K