在COVID-19大流行之前和期间,司机的酒精和毒品消费:一项观察性研究
Maricla Marrone1, Fortunato Pititto1, Alessandra Stellacci1
1Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Section of Legal Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy.
概括
由于COVID-19的限制,娱乐性药物和酒精使用可能有所增加. 封锁后,司机的平均血中酒精含量更高,大麻和可卡因使用量增加,特别是在年轻人中.
科学领域:
- 法医毒理学 法医毒理学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 随着COVID-19大流行和相关的限制,社会行为发生了重大变化,包括娱乐活动.
- 了解这些变化对物质使用的影响,特别是对司机的影响,对于公共安全至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较COVID-19封锁措施之前和之后的司机中酒精和毒品的毒理学结果.
- 确定驾驶员中酒精,大麻和可卡因使用率和水平的变化.
主要方法:
- 追溯分析路边检查站停车的司机的血液样本.
- 两个时期的数据比较:封锁前 (2018年1月至2020年3月) 和封锁后 (2020年3月至2021年12月).
- 对血液中酒精度 (BAC),可卡因和大麻的毒理学测试.
主要成果:
- 在COVID-19期间,与封锁前期间相比,平均血中酒精含量显著增加.
- 123名受试者 (20.7%) 超过了0.5g/l的法定BAC限值,锁定后的水平更高.
- 大麻使用 (5.4%) 在年轻的司机中更常见,并且在统计学上与可卡因使用 (3.9%) 相联系.
结论:
- 随着COVID-19流行病的限制,司机的酒精消费量增加,由更高的平均BACs和超过法定限量的更多个人表明.
- 大麻和可卡因的使用也显示出显著的流行,这两种物质之间存在相关性.
- 研究结果表明,在疫情期间,驾驶人口中酒精和毒品使用可能会增加.
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