工作记忆限制了儿童和成人的长期记忆:对象和结合的记忆
Alicia Forsberg1, Dominic Guitard2, Eryn J Adams3
1Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Vicar Ln, Sheffield S1 2LT, UK.
Journal of Intelligence
|May 26, 2023
概括
工作内存容量会影响对项目和项目颜色绑定的长期内存检索. 虽然小孩子们在绑定记忆方面扎,但他们对绑定的长期记忆随着年龄的增长而改善.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
背景情况:
- 工作记忆 (WM) 对于将信息编码到长期记忆 (LTM) 中至关重要.
- 个人和年龄相关的WM能力差异得到了充分证实.
- 对于WM对LTM的影响,特别是对于复杂的结合,需要进一步研究.
研究的目的:
- 检查工作记忆 (WM) 容量如何影响长期记忆 (LTM) 检索对象和对象颜色绑定.
- 调查物品和绑定的WM和LTM性能与年龄相关的差异.
- 了解编码期间的WM负载和随后的LTM检索之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 参与者 (82名儿童,42名成年人) 执行了视觉工作记忆任务,使用不同的设置大小和项目颜色组合.
- 对物品和物品颜色结合的长期记忆在延迟后被评估.
- 统计分析检查了WM能力,年龄和LTM表现之间的关系.
主要成果:
- 更高的WM容量预测了更好的物品的LTM检索.
- 幼儿在WM中表现出物品-颜色结合的显著困难,即使在对物品记忆进行控制时也是如此.
- 相对于记住的项目,LTM结合性能在不同年龄组中是可比的,这表明结合回忆效率在发育方面有所改善.
结论:
- 工作记忆的局限性大大限制了对物品的长期记忆.
- 虽然WM绑定对幼儿来说具有挑战性,但他们的LTM绑定显示出发育上的收益.
- 这些发现突出了WM-to-LTM瓶,对物品特征绑定对记忆有微妙的影响.
关键词:
儿童发展儿童的发展.信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息传输信息长期记忆 长期记忆 长期记忆记忆绑定 记忆绑定工作记忆 工作记忆更多相关视频
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