激活后的性能提升和运动图像是有效的,以强调标准化热身对冲刺运行性能的影响
Valentin Rumeau1, Sidney Grospretre2, Nicolas Babault1,3
1INSERM UMR1093-CAPS, Université de Bourgogne, UFR des Sciences du Sport, F-21000 Dijon, France.
Sports (Basel, Switzerland)
|May 26, 2023
概括
与休息相比,激活后性能增强 (PAPE) 和运动影像 (MI) 热身可以提高运动员在敏捷性和重复冲刺能力方面的表现. 对于20米冲刺时间,PAPE优越.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 发动机控制器的控制器
背景情况:
- 热身习惯对于优化运动表现至关重要,因为它针对外周和中枢神经系统的因素.
- 调查不同热身策略的具体影响,例如激活后性能增强 (PAPE) 和运动图像 (MI),对于增强体育特异能力至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较PAPE和MI热身策略对年轻女运动员体育特异性表现的急性影响.
- 为了确定外围 (PAPE) 或中央 (MI) 的贡献是否会导致运动任务的更大改进.
主要方法:
- 一个随机对照试验,涉及11名年轻女运动员.
- 三个实验性会议:标准化热身,然后休息 (控制),PAPE (最大腿按压) 或MI (精神冲刺重复).
- 性能指标包括反应时间,敏捷性测试,20米冲刺,重复冲刺能力和疲劳评估 (NASA-TLX).
主要成果:
- 与控制条件相比,PAPE和MI都显著提高了敏捷性和重复冲刺能力.
- PAPE导致比MI和CONTROL的20米冲刺时间要好得多.
- 在敏捷性和重复冲刺能力方面,PAPE和MI之间没有发现显著差异;反应时间和疲劳没有受到影响.
结论:
- PAPE和MI是有效的热身策略,用于增强特定的运动技能,如敏捷性和重复冲刺能力.
- 根据20米冲刺的表现,PAPE在爆炸力上表现出卓越的效果,这可能是由于其外围肌肉激活.
- 通过中枢神经系统的参与,MI有效地提高了表现,特别有利于涉及认知或想象组件的任务.
相关概念视频
01:20Motor Unit Stimulation
When the neuron of a motor unit fires an action potential, it triggers a series of events, leading to a twitch contraction in the muscle fibers. The process of excitation-contraction coupling is crucial in relaying the action potential to the muscle fibers.
The latent period of contraction marks the onset of excitation-contraction coupling, when the action potential propagates across the sarcolemma, preparing the muscle fibers for contraction. As the fibers enter the contraction phase, the...
The latent period of contraction marks the onset of excitation-contraction coupling, when the action potential propagates across the sarcolemma, preparing the muscle fibers for contraction. As the fibers enter the contraction phase, the...
01:22Muscle Stimulation Frequency
The contraction strength of muscles is regulated by motor neurons, which modulate the frequency of action potentials dispatched to the motor units based on the body's requirements. This process of varying the muscle stimulation frequency allows muscles to contract with a force that is precisely tailored to the needs of the moment, whether lifting a feather or a heavy box.
Wave summation
At low firing rates, motor neurons induce individual twitch contractions in muscle fibers. These twitches...
Wave summation
At low firing rates, motor neurons induce individual twitch contractions in muscle fibers. These twitches...
01:27Exercise and Muscle Performance
Exercise induces a range of adaptations in muscle tissue, depending on the type and duration of activity. Such physical training can be broadly categorized into two types: endurance exercises and resistance exercises.
Endurance exercises
Endurance exercises involve running, swimming, or cycling, which require repetitive movements with low force output. When a person engages in endurance exercise, a few noticeable changes occur in their skeletal muscles. For instance, the number of capillaries...
Endurance exercises
Endurance exercises involve running, swimming, or cycling, which require repetitive movements with low force output. When a person engages in endurance exercise, a few noticeable changes occur in their skeletal muscles. For instance, the number of capillaries...
01:17Exercise and Cardiac Output
Regular physical activity is essential for maintaining cardiovascular health, with aerobic exercises being particularly effective. According to the American Heart Association, 150 minutes of moderate to intense aerobic exercise per week is recommended for a healthy heart. Aerobic activities may include brisk walking, running, bicycling, cross-country skiing, and swimming, ideally performed three to five times per week.
Sustained exercise increases the muscles' oxygen demand, which can be met...
Sustained exercise increases the muscles' oxygen demand, which can be met...