荷尔斯坦和杂交的荷尔斯坦牛的料效率和生理参数 × 西蒙特牛
Deise Aline Knob1,2, Armin Manfred Scholz3, Laiz Perazzoli1
1Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias (CAV), Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Lages 88520-000, Brazil.
Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
|May 27, 2023
概括
杂交的霍尔斯坦 × 西门特牛的料效率和牛奶产量与纯种霍尔斯坦牛相似. 这些杂交品种在夏季热量压力期间也表现出优异的散热能力,这使得它们成为高产乳制品系统的可行替代品.
科学领域:
- 动物科学动物科学
- 乳牛生产 乳牛生产
- 动物生理学 动物生理学
背景情况:
- 高产的奶牛面临着料效率和热压力的挑战,特别是在不同的气候条件下.
- 荷尔斯坦和杂交的荷尔斯坦 × 西蒙特牛在密集的奶牛养殖系统中很常见.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较Holstein和杂交的Holstein × Simmental奶牛的料效率和生理反应.
- 评估季节变化 (冬季与夏季) 对这些参数的影响.
- 为了评估杂交牛的适应能力,以限制系统中的热应激.
主要方法:
- 在巴西南部进行了为期21天的研究,对48头多头母牛 (霍尔斯坦和杂交的霍尔斯坦×西蒙塔尔) 进行了研究.
- 记录了每日干物质摄入量,牛奶产量,直肠温度,呼吸速率,体重和身体状况得分.
- 使用差异分析 (ANOVA) 通过SAS统计包进行数据分析.
主要成果:
- 杂交牛的料效率 (1.83公斤DMI/公斤) 和奶产 (43.8牛/牛/天) 与荷尔斯坦牛 (1.81公斤DMI/公斤,44.5牛/牛/天) 相当.
- 这两种基因组在冬季 (1.98公斤DMI/公斤) 与夏季 (1.67公斤DMI/公斤) 相比,表现出更好的料效率.
- 杂交的奶牛在夏天的呼吸率更高,表明更好的散热,而荷尔斯坦牛在夏天的下午有更高的直肠温度.
结论:
- 杂交的Holstein × Simmental奶牛是高产乳制品系统的合适替代品,与Holstein的性能相匹配.
- 季节性变化显著影响料效率,冬季更为有利.
- 与纯种荷尔斯泰因相比,杂交犬拥有更强大的生理机制来应对热应激.
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