在类风湿性关节炎的关节外表现的发病因子-一个全面的审查
Joško Mitrović1, Stela Hrkač1, Josip Tečer1
1Division of Clinical Immunology, Rheumatology and Allergology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dubrava University Hospital, School of Medicine and Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Avenija Gojka Šuška 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Biomedicines
|May 27, 2023
概括
类风湿性关节炎 (RA) 是一种系统性自身免疫性疾病,导致关节损伤和关节外表现 (EAM). 了解EAMs 的理解
科学领域:
- 类风湿病学 类风湿病学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 系统性自身免疫性疾病
背景情况:
- 类风湿性关节炎 (RA) 是一种普遍存在的,使人虚弱的自身免疫性炎症性疾病.
- 关节炎主要影响关节,但是系统性的,导致影响各种器官的关节外表现 (EAMs).
- 慢性心血管疾病显著影响患者的生活质量和死亡率,心血管疾病 (CVD) 是导致死亡的主要原因.
研究的目的:
- 为了深入了解类风湿性关节炎相关的关节外表现 (EAMs) 病理生理学.
- 为了比较EAMs的病变与RA关节炎的病变.
- 探索关节和外关节表现之间的联系,以改善RA患者的治疗.
主要方法:
- 文献综述和综合有关RA病理生理学的现有研究.
- 对关节炎和RA中EAM背后的机制进行比较分析.
- 在类风湿性关节炎的系统性炎症通路的探索.
主要成果:
- EAMs是多样化的,可以无症状,并显著促进RA患者的发病率和死亡率.
- 心血管疾病 (CVD) 是RA患者的主要死亡原因,与EMS有关.
- 目前对EAM病理生理学的理解尚不完整,需要进一步调查.
结论:
- 对EAM的全面理解对于改善RA患者的治疗结果至关重要.
- 研究关节和外关节炎症之间的联系可能会揭示新的治疗点.
- 针对RA的个性化治疗方法可以从了解个体患者的反应和疾病表现中获益.
相关概念视频
Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction
21
Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
21
Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies
38
The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...
38
T Cell Types and Functions
1.1K
When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
1.1K
Autoimmune Disorders
532
Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune...
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune...
532
The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway
9.0K
Several cytokine receptors have tightly bound Janus kinase or JAK proteins attached at their cytosolic tail. Small signaling molecules such as cytokines, growth hormones, or prolactins bind to the cytokine receptors and initiate their dimerization. The dimerization brings the cytosolic JAKs together that trans-phosphorylate and activates each other. The activated JAKs now phosphorylate cytosolic tails of the cytokine receptors, which serve as binding sites for adaptor proteins such as SH2...
9.0K
Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS
13.7K
Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...
13.7K


