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"五大因素"作为双极性障碍患者认知功能的预测因素
Eva Fleischmann1, Nina Dalkner1, Frederike T Fellendorf1
1Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Styria, Austria.
Brain sciences
|May 27, 2023
概括
五大个性特征,特别是神经病症和良心,在患有双相情感障碍 (BD) 的人群中显著预测了执行功能和口头记忆等认知功能. 这些特征显示出与执行功能的显著联系,即使短期的认知变化不那么可预测.
科学领域:
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
背景情况:
- 大五个性格特征与认知功能之间的关系是在一般人群中确立的.
- 对双相情感障碍 (BD) 患者这种联系的研究是有限的,这突出了理解的差距.
- 双极性障碍通常涉及认知障碍,使人格特征关联至关重要,以探索.
研究的目的:
- 调查五大个性特征作为双相情感障碍的优生性个体中特定认知功能的预测因素.
- 检查人格特征和认知表现之间的横截面和纵向关系.
主要方法:
- 横截面和纵向研究设计,在基线时有129名参与者 (t1) 和35名随访者 (t2).
- 使用NEO五因素清单来评估人格特征 (开放性,良心,外向性,愉悦性,神经性).
- 进行了标准化的神经心理测试:颜色和词语干扰测试,路径制作测试,d2注意力检查测试和加利福尼亚语言学习测试,以测量执行功能,注意力和口头记忆.
主要成果:
- 在基线执行功能和神经病变之间发现了显著的负相关性 (t1).
- 在t1和t2之间认知功能的变化没有被大五个特征在t1.1预测.
- 在t1时较高的神经性和较低的良心性预测了在t2时更糟糕的执行功能.
- 在t1时高神经性也预测在t2时口头记忆表现较差.
结论:
- 五大性格特征,特别是神经病和良心,是双相情感障碍患者认知功能的重要预测因素.
- 虽然短期的认知波动可能不会受到强烈的影响,但基线人格特征与持久的认知表现有关.
- 未来的研究应该涉及更大的样本大小和更长的随访间隔,以进一步阐明这些关系.
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