语义双模呈现差异性减缓工作记忆检索
Jia Cheng1, Jingjing Li1, Aijun Wang1
1Department of Psychology, Research Center for Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
Brain sciences
|May 27, 2023
概括
多感官文字处理影响工作记忆 (WM). 由于干扰减少,在多感官条件下,抽象词表现出比具体词更好的WM性能.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 语言学的语言学.
背景情况:
- 工作记忆 (WM) 受多感官刺激一致性的影响.
- 在WM检索中,多感官一致性对具体与抽象单词的影响尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 研究具体和抽象词的多感官一致性如何影响工作记忆的检索.
- 为了确定抽象词是否在听觉工作记忆任务中不太容易受到视觉干扰.
主要方法:
- 为了评估工作记忆,使用了双回复任务.
- 注意力被操纵到视觉和听觉字特征的不同匹配条件.
- 具体和抽象词的响应时间在各种多感官一致性条件下进行了比较.
主要成果:
- 在听觉检索下,在不一致的条件下,抽象的单词比具体的单词处理得更快,这表明视觉干扰较少.
- 在视觉检索下,不一致的具体单词显示出比一致的单词更快的WM检索,表明从听觉具体单词的潜在视觉干扰.
- 在多感官环境中,具体的单词可能在视觉上被过度编码,从而阻碍了WM检索.
结论:
- 与具体词相比,抽象词在多感官条件下表现出优越的工作记忆性能.
- 在多感官环境中,具体单词的攻击性视觉编码可能会阻碍工作记忆的检索.
- 研究结果表明,在多感官工作记忆中,具体和抽象词的处理机制不同.
相关概念视频
01:24Working Memory
390
Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this...
390
01:22Chunking and Rehearsal in Sensory Memory
253
Improving short-term memory can be achieved through techniques like chunking and rehearsal. Chunking involves organizing information into larger, more manageable units. This technique is particularly useful for information that exceeds the typical memory span of between five and nine items. For instance, logging into an online account with a password like "ta89vq0179gz" involves grouping letters and numbers into three chunks—ta89, vq01, and 79gz. It makes large amounts of...
253