PTRH2基因变异:最近对表型特征和它们的生物信息学分析进行了审查
Rajech Sharkia1,2, Sahil Jain3, Muhammad Mahajnah4,5
1Unit of Human Biology and Genetics, Triangle Regional Research and Development Center, Kfar Qari 30075, Israel.
Genes
|May 27, 2023
概括
类tRNA酶2 (PTRH2) 基因的突变导致婴儿发作的多系统神经内分泌和胰腺疾病 (IMNEPD). 疾病的严重程度与特定的PTRH2基因变异相关,无意义突变会导致比错误突变更严重的症状.
科学领域:
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 神经学 神经学
背景情况:
- 펩티딜-tRNA 酶2 (PTRH2) 是一种保存的线粒体蛋白质.
- PTRH2基因的双基突变与婴儿发作的多系统神经内分泌和胰腺疾病 (IMNEPD) 有关.
- IMNEPD呈现出影响多个器官系统的多种临床表现.
研究的目的:
- 审查与PTRH2基因突变相关的临床谱和基因型.
- 报告一个已知突变的IMNEPD新病例.
- 进行PTRH2变体的生物信息学分析,以获得结构性见解.
主要方法:
- 广泛的文献审查,重点关注临床和遗传数据.
- 一个患有已记录PTRH2突变的患者的病例报告.
- 对PTRH2基因变异及其结构影响的生物信息学分析.
主要成果:
- 常见的IMNEPD特征包括运动延迟 (92%),神经病变 (90%),远部虚弱 (86.4%),智力障碍 (84%) 和听力障碍 (80%).
- 不太常见的发现包括手部形 (64%),小脑缩 (47%) 和胰腺异常 (35%).
- 在PTRH2中发现了三种错误突变 (最常见的是Q85P) 和四种无意义突变;无意义突变与更严重的疾病表型相关.
结论:
- 在IMNEPD中,疾病的严重程度受特定的PTRH2基因变异的影响.
- 错误突变通常表现出常见的症状,而无意义突变导致更广泛的严重临床特征.
- 已识别的PTRH2突变预计会有害,破坏酶结构,稳定性和功能.
相关概念视频
Incomplete Dominance
Gregor Mendel's work (1822 - 1884) was primarily focused on pea plants. Through his initial experiments, he determined that every gene in a diploid cell has two variants called alleles inherited from each parent. He suggested that amongst these two alleles, one allele is dominant in character and the other recessive. The combination of alleles determines the phenotype of a gene in an organism.
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs
A single nucleotide polymorphism or SNP is a single nucleotide variation at a specific genomic position in a large population. It is the most prevalent type of sequence variation found in the human genome. Point mutations that occur in more than 1% of the population qualify as SNPs. These are present once every 1000 nucleotides on an average in the human genome. Replacement of a purine with another purine (A/G) or a pyrimidine with another pyrimidine (C/T) is known as a transition. In contrast,...
Principles of Pharmacogenetics: Types of Genetic Variants
The human genome is over 99.9% identical between individuals, yet genetic differences exist at millions of bases. The human genome contains approximately 3 million variant positions per individual, many of which are heterozygous, contributing to genetic diversity and individual traits. Genetic variations include single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), insertions, deletions, and copy number variations (CNVs).SNPs, the most common variation, involve single-base changes in DNA. These can be...
Pharmacogenetic Phenotypes: Alterations in Pharmacokinetics, Drug Targets and Biologic Milieu
Genetic variations significantly influence drug response through pharmacokinetics, receptor interactions, and biologic milieu modifications. Pharmacokinetic alterations impact drug metabolism and clearance, affecting efficacy and toxicity. Variants in drug-metabolizing enzymes, such as CYP2C9 and CYP2C19, alter drug activation and elimination. For example, CYP2C9 loss-of-function variants require lower warfarin doses to prevent excessive bleeding, while CYP2C19 variants reduce clopidogrel...
Pharmacogenetics of Drug Targets: β₂-Adrenergic Receptors, Apo E, Thymidylate Synthase
Genetic polymorphisms in drug targets have emerged as critical determinants of interindividual variability in drug response and toxicity. Pharmacogenomic investigations increasingly focus on identifying these variations to personalize and optimize therapeutic interventions. A drug target may be a receptor, enzyme, or signaling protein involved in pharmacologic responses or disease-related pathways. While early pharmacogenetic studies focused primarily on drug metabolism, current research...
Pharmacogenomics: Identification of New Drug Targets
Advances in genomics have profoundly influenced drug discovery by increasing both the speed and accuracy of pharmaceutical development. Pharmacogenomics, which examines how genetic variation influences drug response, facilitates the identification of novel therapeutic targets and enables patient stratification for personalized treatment. These strategies contribute to improved drug efficacy, minimized adverse effects, and more efficient clinical trial design.Mapping genetic differences...


