精英高山滑雪运动员的健身组件分类:一个集群分析
Gabriella Penitente1, Hayden A Young1, William A Sands2
1Academy of Sport and Physical Activity, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield S10 2BP, UK.
概括
精英的高山滑雪运动员.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
背景情况:
- 评估精英高山滑雪运动员需要了解关键的生理和生物力学健身组件.
- 之前的研究还没有完全阐明区分精英男女滑雪者的特定健身状况,特别是在世界杯级别.
- 识别关键的健身标志物有助于优化培训处方和人才识别.
研究的目的:
- 探索精英高山滑雪者的生理和生物力学健身组件.
- 为了确定训练处方和人才识别的关键健康变量.
- 分析基于性别和竞争水平的健身组件的差异.
主要方法:
- 对生理和生物力学健康数据的二次数据分析.
- 阶层集群分析以组合适应变量.
- 性别和比赛水平 (世界杯与非世界杯) 之间的健身组件集群的比较.
主要成果:
- 树图显示,世界杯高山滑雪运动员的男性和女性的集群模式不同,但非世界杯运动员的集群模式不同.
- 对于男性运动员 (所有级别) 和女性世界杯运动员来说,有氧和无氧能力组件聚集在一起.
- 身体下部的爆炸力产生对男性世界杯滑雪运动员比女性滑雪运动员更为关键.
结论:
- 基于性别和竞争水平的健身组件差异化在精英高山滑雪运动员中很明显.
- 在男性滑雪运动员中,有氧和无氧能力始终很重要,而爆炸性的下肢力量对男性世界杯运动员来说尤为重要.
- 建议对同度强度和更大,多样化的高山滑雪群体进行进一步的研究.
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