心理障碍的协助自杀和安乐死:在比例,尊严和死亡权之间的辩论中的伦理立场
Matteo Scopetti1, Donato Morena2, Martina Padovano2
1Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy.
Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)
|May 27, 2023
概括
安乐死和医生协助自杀 (E/PAS) 正在扩大,包括精神病和神经认知障碍,引发复杂的伦理辩论. 这篇概述支持精神病学中的伦理实践,在不断变化的E/PAS可访问性中.
科学领域:
- 医学伦理 医学伦理
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
背景情况:
- 安乐死和医生协助自杀 (E/PAS) 最初仅限于绝症身体疾病,现在可以在某些地区治疗精神病和神经认知障碍.
- 这种扩张挑战了关于自主权,尊严和痛苦的定义的既定伦理准则.
研究的目的:
- 为患有精神病和神经认知障碍的个人提供围绕E/PAS的伦理考虑的国际概述.
- 建立精神病学伦理临床实践的基础,涉及不可逆转的疾病和患者的自主权.
主要方法:
- 审查国际E/PAS立法和伦理辩论.
- 对伦理影响的分析,包括自决权,社会背景和治疗限制.
主要成果:
- 关于患者的能力,社会压力以及在心理健康环境中对E/PAS的验证过程,出现了重要的伦理问题.
- 立法不一致和评估系统不足加剧了这些挑战.
结论:
- 全球健康趋势可能会增加对扩大E/PAS获取精神疾病的压力.
- 伦理框架对于在精神病E/PAS病例中应对不可逆转疾病,痛苦和知情同意的复杂性至关重要.
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