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相关概念视频

Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters01:20

Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters

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The introduction of polyesters has brought major development to the textile industry. The wrinkle-free behavior of polyester blends has eliminated the need for starching and ironing clothes.
Polyesters are commonly prepared from terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol; the crude product is known as poly(ethylene terephthalate) or PET. However, polyesters are synthesized industrially by transesterification of dimethyl terephthalate with ethylene glycol at 150 °C. The two reactants and the...
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Polymer Classification: Crystallinity01:21

Polymer Classification: Crystallinity

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Unlike ionic or small covalent molecules, polymers do not form crystalline solids due to the diffusion limitations of their long-chain structures. However, polymers contain microscopic crystalline domains separated by amorphous domains.
Crystalline domains are the regions where polymer chains are aligned in an orderly manner and held together in proximity by intermolecular forces. For example, chains in the crystalline domains of polyethylene and nylon are bound together by van der Waals...
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Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:20

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

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The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
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Polymers02:34

Polymers

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The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
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Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism00:57

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The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
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Copolymers are the products obtained from the polymerization of multiple monomer species. So, in a polymer chain itself, there can be multiple repeating units that come from different monomers. The process of synthesizing a polymer from different monomer species is called copolymerization. When two monomers are involved, the polymer is known as a bipolymer. Polymers with three and four monomers are termed terpolymers and quaterpolymers, respectively. Figure 1 depicts the copolymerization of...
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通过与小分子共同包括复合,在阿利法性聚合物之间进行联合结晶.

Jia-Yao Chen1, Xue-Wen Zhang2, Tian-Yu Wu1

  • 1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of New Energy and Materials, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China.

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概括

这项研究引入了一种包含复杂的方法,以增强聚合物混合物中的联合结晶,如聚乙酸 (PBS) 和聚乙酸 (PBA). 这种方法克服了热力学挑战,从而提高了材料性能和控制了晶体结构.

关键词:
混合混合的混合物.共同晶体的共同晶体包容复杂的包容复杂的包容聚聚是什么意思 聚聚热性能 热性质 热性质 热性质

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科学领域:

  • 聚合物科学与工程 聚合物科学与工程
  • 材料化学 材料化学
  • 晶体学 晶体学是指结晶学.

背景情况:

  • 结晶聚合物混合物在创造新型聚合物材料方面具有优势.
  • 由于偏好的自我结晶,混合物中联合结晶的热力学控制具有挑战性.
  • 现有的方法难以实现统一的联合结晶,限制了材料的特性.

研究的目的:

  • 提出和验证一种包含复合的方法,以促进晶体聚合物之间的联合结晶.
  • 用尿素作为宿主,研究聚乙烯糖 (PBS) 和聚乙烯基酸盐 (PBA) 的联合结晶行为.
  • 分析生成的聚合物混合物的结构和热性质.

主要方法:

  • 使用聚乙烯糖 (PBS),聚乙烯基酸盐 (PBA) 和尿素,形成共同含有复合物.
  • 通过快速去除尿素宿主来制备聚合PBS/PBA混合物.
  • 使用差分扫描热度计 (DSC),X射线衍射 (XRD),质子核磁共振 (1H NMR) 和里埃变换红外光谱法 (FTIR) 进行系统的表征.

主要成果:

  • 聚乙烯基酸盐 (PBA) 链成功共结晶成聚乙烯酸盐 (PBS) 延长链晶体,这种现象在简单的混合物中没有观察到.
  • 随着其初始养比率的增加,PBA的共同结晶含量增加,导致PBS晶体的点下降.
  • PBA链表现为缺陷,诱导a轴沿线的格子扩张,并且可以用四基 (THF) 部分提取,表明晶体受损.

结论:

  • 与尿素等小分子的共同含有复合是一种有效的策略,用于促进聚合物混合物中的共同结晶.
  • 纳入复合体方法克服了动力学和热力学障碍,使其他不可混合的晶体聚合物的受控共结晶成为可能.
  • 该方法为设计具有量身定制的晶体结构和特性的先进聚合物材料提供了一条途径.