主体免疫和病毒蛋白质中经常出现的宏域活性丧失
Sofia E Delgado-Rodriguez1, Andrew P Ryan1, Matthew D Daugherty1
1Department of Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)
|May 27, 2023
概括
宿主和病毒宏观主体,对抗病毒免疫至关重要,显示出令人惊的进化转换在酶活性. 这项研究揭示了宿主病毒冲突期间蛋白质功能的动态变化.
科学领域:
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
背景情况:
- 蛋白质翻译后修饰 (PTMs),如ADP-ribosylation,介导宿主抗病毒免疫力.
- 主体PARP蛋白质和病毒宏原蛋白含有的蛋白质之间的相互作用是主体病毒进化军备竞赛的关键.
- 宏观体内宿主蛋白 (macroPARPs) 和病毒蛋白在强烈的进化选择下,但它们的酶活性往往没有特征.
研究的目的:
- 调查宏观PARP和病毒宏观群体的进化史和功能性酶活性.
- 了解宏观主域活动周转在宿主-病原体相互作用中的作用.
主要方法:
- 跨甲基动物的宏观PARP的家族遗传学分析.
- 宏观PARP和病毒宏域酶活性的功能性表征.
- 对病毒中宏观主体存在和活性进行比较的进化分析.
主要成果:
- PARP9和PARP14具有活跃的宏域,而PARP15则没有;PARP14在各种哺乳动物系中表现出独立的活性损失.
- 病毒的宏观主体,特别是冠状病毒和α病毒,表现出可变的催化活性,其中一些基因失去了功能.
- 进化分析揭示了宿主和病毒蛋白质中巨基酶活性的反复丧失,表明了显著的功能周转.
结论:
- 宏观主域活动非常动态,在宿主病毒共同进化过程中会发生周转.
- 了解这些功能变化对于破译宿主抗病毒防御机制和病毒逃避策略至关重要.
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