绘制当代PRRSV-2进化的动态,以及其在美国的出现和传播热点. 使用植物地理学
Nakarin Pamornchainavakul1, Igor A D Paploski1, Dennis N Makau1
1Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA.
Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)
|May 27, 2023
概括
猪生殖和呼吸系统综合征病毒2型 (PRRSV-2) 的新遗传变异迅速出现. 了解它们的传播模式是控制未来疫情和管理这种猪病的关键.
科学领域:
- 兽医病毒学 兽医病毒学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 猪生殖和呼吸系统综合征病毒2型 (PRRSV-2) 迅速演变,导致新的遗传变异.
- 以前的控制工作不足以制PRRSV-2的传播.
- 了解变种出现和传播的时空动态对于有效预防疾病至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查PRRSV-2进化中的时间和空间变化.
- 为了确定新出现的PRRSV-2亚系的地理起源.
- 绘制PRRSV-2血统1 (L1) 的区域间传播模式,这是美国的主导血统.
主要方法:
- 对来自美国和加拿大的19,395个PRRSV-2 ORF5序列 (1991-2021) 进行了比较的植物地理分析.
- 用时空分层样本集 (每组n=500) 的离散特征分析来推断祖先区域和子系分散.
- 通过比较建模方法和亚抽样策略来验证结果.
主要成果:
- 在时间和地理位置上,PRRSV-2亚系的空间传播和人口动态有显著的变化.
- 上中西部成为多个子系 (例如L1C,L1F) 传播的主要热点.
- 最近的一次新兴事件 (L1A(2) 显示出源于美国东部的外向传播.
结论:
- PRRSV-2出现和传播的历史模式为疾病控制策略提供了洞察力.
- 确定地理热点和传播模式有助于制新出现的PRRSV-2变种.
- 这项研究将为未来预防和管理由PRRSV-2引起的猪病爆发提供信息.
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