四种类型的COVID-19疫苗的现实世界有效性
Derar H Abdel-Qader1,2, Hasan Abdel-Qader3, Jennifer Silverthorne4
1Faculty of Pharmacy & Medical Sciences, University of Petra, Amman 11196, Jordan.
Vaccines
|May 27, 2023
概括
现实世界的数据显示,四种COVID-19疫苗对感染和住院有效. 瑞-生物科技的疫苗证明了对无症状冠状病毒疾病2019 (COVID-19) 感染和住院治疗的优越保护.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 有限的现实世界的证据存在于冠状病毒疾病2019 (COVID-19) 疫苗的有效性.
- 这项研究通过在一般人群中评估四种COVID-19疫苗来解决数据稀缺的问题.
研究的目的:
- 评估四种COVID-19疫苗对无症状和症状感染的实际有效性.
- 评估疫苗接种对COVID-19相关住院和死亡率的影响.
- 在接种疫苗后测量免疫学标志物.
主要方法:
- 一个匹配的比较组准实验性研究于2021年1月至8月在约旦进行.
- 1200名完全接种疫苗的人与1200名未接种疫苗的对照人进行了匹配.
- 通过比较感染率来确定疫苗的有效性,并测量免疫标记物 (抗SARS-CoV-2抗体和免疫细胞).
主要成果:
- BNT162b2 (Pfizer) 显示对无症状COVID-19 (91.7%) 和住院治疗 (99.5%) 的有效性最高.
- 斯普特尼克V在无症状和症状感染方面表现出100%的有效性,但住院效率较低 (66.7%).
- 所有疫苗都诱导了显著的免疫标志物,其中BNT162b2和ChAdOx1 nCoV-19显示了最高的中位数抗尖峰IgG水平.
结论:
- 所有四种评估的COVID-19疫苗 (BNT162b2,BBIBP-CorV,ChAdOx1 nCoV-19,Sputnik V) 都显示出对感染,住院和死亡的有效性.
- 在接种疫苗后一个月内,BNT162b2,BBIBP-CorV和ChAdOx1 nCoV-19诱导了显著的免疫反应.
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