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基于早期阿尔茨海默病特定气味的诊断特征的嗅觉功能障碍的简要测试
Egle Audronyte1, Vaiva Sutnikiene1, Gyte Pakulaite-Kazliene1
1Clinic of Neurology an Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.
概括
嗅觉障碍是阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 的早期迹象. 简短的嗅觉识别和区分测试有效地选早期的AD和AD引起的轻度认知障碍.
科学领域:
- 神经学 神经学
- 老年病的医生 老年病的医生
- 嗅觉神经科学是一种神经科学.
背景情况:
- 嗅觉障碍是阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 的一个已知的早期症状.
- 嗅觉功能的临床评估目前在阿尔茨海默病诊断中未得到充分利用.
- 早期发现AD对于及时干预和管理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 用Sniffin' Sticks测试评估早期阿兹海默症患者的气味识别和歧视.
- 确定关键的嗅觉测试项目,用于诊断早期的AD.
- 开发一种简短的嗅觉功能障碍测试,用于AD查.
主要方法:
- 三组参与者:由于AD的轻度认知障碍 (MCI-AD),由于AD的轻度痴呆症 (MD-AD) 和认知正常 (NC) 的老年人 (每组30人).
- 认知评估包括CDR,MMSE,ADAS-Cog和口语流测试.
- 嗅觉评估使用了Burghart Sniffin' Sticks气味识别和区分测试.
主要成果:
- MD-AD组的表现明显低于MCI-AD组,MCI-AD组的表现低于NC组在气味识别 (P<0.001) 和歧视 (P<0.05) 方面.
- 缩短的气味识别和区分任务显示出强大的诊断准确性 (ROC AUCs从0.871到0.959不等) 在区分AD和MCI-AD患者与NC参与者.
- 选择的嗅觉测试项目有效地区分了认知正常个体和早期阿尔茨海默病患者.
结论:
- 简短的嗅觉测试包含特定的区分项目具有显著的诊断价值.
- 这些简洁的嗅觉评估可以帮助临床医生查早期阿尔茨海默病.
- 实施嗅觉测试可以提高临床环境中阿尔茨海默病的早期检测率.
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