每小时环境颗粒物物质空气污染和救护车紧急呼叫之间的关联:时间分层的案例交叉研究
Qiang Zhou1, Hanxu Shi2, Rengyu Wu1
1Shenzhen Center for Prehospital Care, Shenzhen, China.
JMIR public health and surveillance
|May 27, 2023
概括
每小时接触颗粒物 (PM) 空气污染会显著增加因各种原因和特定条件而引起的救护车紧急呼叫 (AEC) 的风险. 这种联系在白天和老年人中更强烈,突出了对空气质量控制的需要.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 短期暴露于环境颗粒物 (PM) 与死亡率和住院率有关.
- 每小时的PM暴露和救护车紧急呼叫 (AEC) 之间的关联不太清楚.
- 季节性和日间模式可能会影响与空气污染相关的AEC.
研究的目的:
- 量化与每小时的PM空气污染物 (PM2.5和PM10) 相关的全因和因特异性AEC风险在中国深.
- 检查PM空气污染物和AEC之间的关联是否因性别,年龄,季节和一天中的时间而有所不同.
- 调查PM空气污染和紧急医疗服务利用之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 使用2013-2019年救护车调度和环境数据,采用了时间分层的案例交叉研究设计.
- 用分布式滞后非线性模型和条件后勤回归来估计关联.
- 对潜在混因素进行调整的分析,包括温度,湿度,季节,周日和假日.
主要成果:
- 在PM2.5 (24.0μg/m3) 和PM10 (34.0μg/m3) 的四分位数间范围 (IQR) 增加与所有原因AEC风险增加有关 (分别为1.8%和2.0%).
- 与夜间相比,协会在白天更强,在老年人 (≥65岁) 与年轻人之间更强.
- 在增加颗粒物度和AEC风险之间观察到几乎线性关系,没有明确的值.
结论:
- 增加的颗粒物空气污染总是与所有原因的AECs的更高风险有关.
- PM空气污染与心血管,呼吸道和生殖健康问题的AEC增加有关.
- 调查结果支持空气污染控制战略的重要性,并为紧急资源分配提供信息.
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