在新诊断的精神分裂症频谱或双相情感障碍患者中的神经认知子组:分层集群分析
K W Miskowiak1, H L Kjærstad1, C K Lemvigh2
1Copenhagen Affective Disorder Research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Neurocognition and Emotion in Affective Disorders (NEAD) Centre, Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, and Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark.
在早期精神分裂症和双相情感障碍中存在神经认知子组,其独特的个人资料无法通过疾病持续时间或药物来解释,这表明神经发育起源.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
背景情况:
- 精神分裂症 (SZ) 和双相情感障碍 (BD) 分享跨诊断的神经认知子组.
- 之前对慢性疾病的研究不清楚这些损伤是否源于疾病的持续时间,药物或其他因素.
研究的目的:
- 在SZ和BD的早期阶段调查神经认知子组.
- 确定这些子组是否具有跨诊断性和独立于临床因素.
主要方法:
- 从前未服用过抗精神病药物的第一期SZ,最近诊断的BD和健康对照 (HC) 的队列研究中汇集的数据.
- 在神经心理测试数据上使用了层次集群分析.
- 在已识别的子组中检查了认知概况和患者特征.
主要成果:
- 一个三集群解决方案以83%的准确性确定了不同的神经认知子组.
- 1小组 (39%):认知完好 (主要是BD).
- 小组2 (33%):工作记忆和处理速度 (SZ/BD混合) 的选择性缺陷.
- 小组3 (28%): 全球性损伤,较低的病前智力 (主要是SZ).
- 全球受损BD患者表现出更大的功能障碍.
结论:
- 神经认知子组在早期的SZ和BD中是显而易见的,在诊断中一致.
- 亚组的差异并不能通过临床症状或药物来解释,这表明神经发育起源.
- 这些发现支持了早期精神病中潜在的认知特征的独特的神经生物学途径.
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