一个关键的GPCR酸化基因被发现在arrestin2⋅CCR5类复合体中
Polina Isaikina1, Ivana Petrovic1, Roman P Jakob1
1Focal Area Structural Biology and Biophysics, Biozentrum, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland.
Molecular cell
|May 27, 2023
概括
研究人员确定了一种特定的三二基基基因 (pXpp) 基因,该基因对阿雷斯2结合和激活CCR5受体至关重要. 这一发现促进了对GPCR-arrestin相互作用和信号特异性的理解.
科学领域:
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 细胞信号传递 细胞信号传递
- 结构生物学 结构生物学
背景情况:
- 非视觉逮捕素 (arrestin2和arrestin3) 与许多G蛋白结合受体 (GPCR) 相互作用.
- 这些相互作用是由GPCR酸化模式调节的,决定了不同的功能结果.
- 对于GPCR-arrestin复合物的结构数据有限.
研究的目的:
- 描述酸化的人类CC化学因子受体5 (CCR5) 和arrestin2.2之间的相互作用.
- 确定CCR5上关键的酸化部位,这些部位参与了arrestin2复合体的形成和激活.
主要方法:
- 进行X射线晶体学以确定阿雷斯2的结构 (apo 和复合与CCR5光).
- 核磁共振 (NMR) 光谱学.核磁共振 (NMR) 光谱学.
- 生物化学和功能测定以评估结合和激活.
主要成果:
- 确定了新型的CCR5化位点,这些位点对于稳定的arestin2复合体形成至关重要.
- 揭示了一个关键的pXpp动机,其中包含三种残基,这些残基是逮捕因2结合和激活所必需的.
- pXpp动机与各种GPCR的强大的arrestin2招募有关.
- 基于序列和结构分析,提供了对arrestin2/arrestin3异型特异性的见解.
结论:
- 多位点化GPCRs精确地控制了阿斯特林相互作用.
- 这种pXpp动机是arrestin2结合和信号传递的关键决定因素.
- 建立了一个研究GPCR-arrestin复杂动力学和信号通路的框架.
关键词:
CCR5 CCR5 的意思是什么?G蛋白结合受体的受体是G蛋白结合受体的受体.在GPCR中,GPCR是指GPCR.这是NMR的NMR.在X射线晶体学.在被逮捕后被捕.这是一种β-arrestin.这是一种化学物质,chemokine.类酸是一种酸.酸化的方法是:光化.更多相关视频
相关概念视频
Assembly of Signaling Complexes
5.8K
Multiprotein signaling complexes are formed in a dynamic process involving protein-protein interactions at the cytoplasmic domain of transmembrane receptors or enzymatic and non-enzymatic proteins associated with the receptor. These complexes ensure the activation and propagation of intracellular signals that regulate cell functions.
Interaction domains in cell signaling
Interaction domains recognize exposed features of their binding partners containing post-translationally modified sequences,...
Interaction domains in cell signaling
Interaction domains recognize exposed features of their binding partners containing post-translationally modified sequences,...
5.8K
GPCRs Regulate Adenylyl Cylase Activity
5.7K
Some GPCRs transmit signals through adenylyl cyclase (AC), a transmembrane enzyme. AC helps synthesize second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). AC catalyzes cyclization reaction and converts ATP to cAMP by releasing a pyrophosphate. The pyrophosphate is further hydrolyzed to phosphate by the enzyme pyrophosphatase, which drives cAMP synthesis to completion. However, cAMP is rapidly degraded to 5′ AMP by the enzymes phosphodiesterase (PDE), preventing overstimulation of...
5.7K
GPCR Desensitization
6.2K
G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling plays a crucial role in cell functioning. GPCR desensitization is an equally essential process. It allows cells to respond to changing environments and regain sensitivity to new stimuli while preventing unnecessary stimulation when no longer needed. Prolonged exposure to stimuli leads to GPCR desensitization. It involves blocking the receptors from binding and activating additional G proteins. This inhibits activation of downstream effectors, thereby...
6.2K
Amplifying Signals via Enzymatic Cascade
8.5K
When a ligand binds to a cell-surface receptor, the receptor's intracellular domain changes shape, which may either activate its enzyme function or allow its binding to other molecules. The initial signal is amplified by most signal transduction pathways. This means that a single ligand molecule can activate multiple molecules of a downstream target. Proteins that relay a signal are most commonly phosphorylated at one or more sites, activating or inactivating the protein. Kinases catalyze...
8.5K
G-protein Coupled Receptors
120.4K
G-protein coupled receptors are ligand binding receptors that indirectly affect changes in the cell. The actual receptor is a single polypeptide that transverses the cell membrane seven times creating intracellular and extracellular loops. The extracellular loops create a ligand specific pocket which binds to neurotransmitters or hormones. The intracellular loops holds onto the G-protein.
120.4K
cAMP-dependent Protein Kinase Pathways
6.4K
Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate (cAMP) is an essential second messenger that activates protein kinase A (PKA) and regulates various biological processes. A single epinephrine molecule binds to GPCR and activates several heterotrimeric G proteins, each stimulating multiple adenylyl cyclase, amplifying the signal, and synthesizing large numbers of cAMP molecules. Small changes in cAMP concentration affect PKA activity. The binding of four cAMP molecules induces a conformational change in PKA,...
6.4K


