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规范非侵入性产前检测 (NIPT) 用于胎儿性别的确定

Michelle Taylor-Sands^1,2, Chanelle Warton³, Hilary Bowman-Smart^2,3,4

¹Melbourne Law School, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Australia.

Medical law review

|May 27, 2023

概括

非侵入性产前检测 (NIPT) 可以在怀孕早期确定胎儿的性别. 目前的证据不支持限制非医疗性选择的NIPT,建议澳大利亚采取促进性监管方法.

科学领域:

生殖遗传学生殖遗传学
生物伦理学生物伦理学
卫生法律和法规卫生法律和法规.

背景情况:

非侵入性产前检测 (NIPT) 允许早期确定胎儿的性别.
有关非医学性选择 (NMSS) 和选择性终止怀孕存在担忧.
对于NMSS的植入前遗传测试 (PGT) 的现有规定与NIPT法规不同.

研究的目的:

探索关于NMSS的生殖基因测试的监管环境.
将PGT监管与澳大利亚的NIPT监管进行对比.
评估对胎儿性别测定进行NIPT监管的必要性.

主要方法:

对PGT和NIPT的国际和澳大利亚法规的比较分析.
检查围绕NMSS的伦理问题.
澳大利亚NIPT法规的案例研究.

主要成果:

在PGT与NIPT对胎儿性别的调控方面存在显著差异.
目前关于NMSS的PGT的伦理问题并不直接转化为NIPT.
澳大利亚在胎儿性别确定方面对NIPT有最低限度的规定.

结论:

目前还没有足够的证据来限制对NIPT进行胎儿性别测定.
建议澳大利亚采取促进性的方法来规范NIPT.
监管应该支持个人对生殖的知情决策.

关键词:

胎儿性别的确定.非侵入性的产前检测.怀孕怀孕怀孕怀孕植入前遗传诊断植入前遗传诊断生殖自主性的繁殖自主性性别选择性别选择

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