燃料减少燃烧减少了澳大利亚东南部极端火灾事件期间野火的严重程度
L Collins1, R Trouvé2, P J Baker2
1Pacific Forestry Centre, Canadian Forest Service, Natural Resources Canada, 506 Burnside Road West, Victoria, BC, V8Z 1M5, Canada; Department of Environment and Genetics, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, 3086, Australia.
Journal of environmental management
|May 28, 2023
概括
减少燃油燃烧效率有所不同. 最近的烧伤 (<3年) 可以局部抑制野火,但它们对更大规模的影响是不一致的,特别是火灾易发地区的不完整覆盖.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 林业林业 林业 林业 林业
- 气候变化科学 气候变化科学
背景情况:
- 由于气候变化,澳大利亚东南部的极端火灾事件正在增加.
- 燃烧减少燃油是一种常见的策略,以减轻野火风险.
- 关于在极端天气条件下减少燃料的有效性存在有限的数据.
研究的目的:
- 评估计划燃烧中燃料处理覆盖范围.
- 评估燃料减少燃烧在极端条件下对野火严重性的影响.
- 分析燃料减少对火灾严重性的时间和空间影响.
主要方法:
- 用于计划燃烧和野火的火灾严重性地图.
- 评估不同消防管理区的火灾覆盖范围.
- 在点和景观尺度上分析了野火的严重程度,考虑到火灾覆盖范围和火灾天气.
主要成果:
- 燃料减少燃烧覆盖率低于资产保护区 (20-30%) 的目标,但在生态区实现了目标.
- 根据植被类型,野火的严重程度在治疗后的2-5年内减少.
- 在最初的18个月里,燃料的可用性是减少火灾严重性的关键因素.
- 治疗后3-5年,火灾天气成为严重火灾的主要驱动因素.
- 随着最近的燃料处理,树冠烧伤的景观规模减少是边际的.
结论:
- 非常最近的燃料减少燃烧 (<3年) 提供了当地野火抑制的好处.
- 减少燃料对大规模野火范围和严重性的影响是高度可变的.
- 在野地-城市接口的零星燃料减少覆盖面留下了显著的残留燃料危险.
相关概念视频
02:14Combustion Energy: A Measure of Stability in Alkanes and Cycloalkanes
6.4K
The low reactivity in alkanes can be attributed to the non-polar nature of C–C and C–H σ bonds. Alkanes, therefore, were initially termed as “paraffins,” derived from the Latin words: parum, meaning “too little,” and affinis, meaning “affinity.”
Alkanes undergo combustion in the presence of excess oxygen and high-temperature conditions to give carbon dioxide and water. A combustion reaction is the energy source in natural gas, liquified...
Alkanes undergo combustion in the presence of excess oxygen and high-temperature conditions to give carbon dioxide and water. A combustion reaction is the energy source in natural gas, liquified...
6.4K
01:22Burn Injuries
2.6K
Burn injuries occur when the skin and underlying tissues are damaged due to exposure to heat, electricity, chemicals, radiation, or friction. They can vary in severity, from minor superficial burns to severe deep burns that can be life-threatening.
The damage results in the death of skin cells, which can lead to a massive loss of fluid. Dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, and renal and circulatory failure follow, which can be fatal. Burn patients are treated with intravenous fluids to offset...
The damage results in the death of skin cells, which can lead to a massive loss of fluid. Dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, and renal and circulatory failure follow, which can be fatal. Burn patients are treated with intravenous fluids to offset...
2.6K
02:12Enthalpy and Heat of Reaction
8.5K
Combustion, commonly known as burning, is a reaction in which a substance reacts with an oxidizing agent, which in most cases is molecular oxygen, to liberate energy in the form of heat, light, or sound. The heat of combustion is also known as the enthalpy of combustion. The energy released when one mole of a substance undergoes complete combustion at constant pressure is called molar heat of combustion. Combustion reactions are exothermic; that is, they release energy, and their ΔH sign...
8.5K
01:02Flame Photometry: Overview
678
Flame photometry, also known as flame emission spectrometry, is a technique used for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of elements present in a sample using a flame as the source of excitation energy. The concept of flame photometry was realized in the early 1860s by Kirchhoff and Bunsen, who discovered that specific elements emit characteristic radiation when excited in flames. The first instrument developed for this purpose was used to measure sodium (Na) in plant ash using a Bunsen...
678
01:57Adaptations that Reduce Water Loss
25.8K
Though evaporation from plant leaves drives transpiration, it also results in loss of water. Because water is critical for photosynthetic reactions and other cellular processes, evolutionary pressures on plants in different environments have driven the acquisition of adaptations that reduce water loss.
25.8K