改善热感知和生理反应使用干加热在短期的寒冷暴露下
Sishi Li1, Xinyu Jia1, Bin Cao1
1Department of Building Science, School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Eco Planning & Green Building, Ministry of Education (Tsinghua University), Beijing, China.
The Science of the total environment
|May 28, 2023
概括
使用电加热背心 (EHV) 间歇地加热干,有效地提高了热舒适度,并减少了感冒引起的症状. 与阶段调节加热 (SH) 相比,这种间歇交替加热 (IAH) 模式提供了显著的节能.
科学领域:
- 环境生理学环境生理学
- 人类热舒适度的人类热舒适度
- 可穿戴技术可穿戴技术
背景情况:
- 短期暴露于寒冷会对人类的热舒适和健康产生负面影响.
- 关于干加热的有效性和最佳的操作模式,用于热保护对抗寒冷的研究是有限的.
研究的目的:
- 为了评估干加热在减轻寒冷暴露的不良影响方面的有效性.
- 为了比较电加热背心 (EHV) 的不同操作模式:没有加热 (NH),阶段调节加热 (SH) 和间歇交替加热 (IAH).
- 为了确定最佳的热舒适度和能源效率的最佳模式.
主要方法:
- 12名男性受试者被暴露在寒冷环境 (-2.2°C) 中30分钟.
- 试验对象在寒冷暴露期间佩戴在NH,SH和IAH模式下操作的EHV.
- 记录了主观感知,生理反应和加热温度.
主要成果:
- 胸部加热 (EHV) 显著减轻了寒冷暴露对热感知的不良影响.
- 与较低加热温度的SH相比,IAH模式提供了更高的主观热舒适度和症状缓解 (四肢感冒,鼻腔症状,).
- IAH实现了可比的热舒适度,能耗降低,使用时间比SH大约长50%.
结论:
- 干加热有效地提高了热舒适度,并在短期暴露在寒冷中减少了与寒冷相关的症状.
- 与阶段调节加热 (SH) 相比,间歇交替加热 (IAH) 协议是个人加热设备的更节能和更有效的策略.
- 在可穿戴式加热系统中,IAH提供了一种有前途的方法,可以实现热舒适,同时节省能源.
相关概念视频
01:29Decreased Body Temperature
658
A decreased body temperature can occur in patients with hypothermia and frostbite. Heat loss with extended cold exposure overpowers the body's ability to create heat, resulting in hypothermia. Core temperature readings help classify hypothermia. Mild hypothermia is temperatures between 32 °C (89.6 °F) and 35°C (95 °F) and is caused by impaired thermoregulation. Moderate hypothermia is temperatures between 28 C (82.4 °F) and 32 °C (89.6 °F) caused by...
658
02:45Responses to Heat and Cold Stress
13.6K
Every organism has an optimum temperature range within which healthy growth and physiological functioning can occur. At the ends of this range, there will be a minimum and maximum temperature that interrupt biological processes.
13.6K
01:26Thermoregulation
1.1K
The human body has a sophisticated thermoregulation system that employs negative feedback mechanisms to maintain an optimal core temperature. When the core temperature drops, peripheral and central thermoreceptors send signals to the hypothalamus, activating the heat-promoting center. This center triggers several responses aimed at increasing the core temperature. First, vasoconstriction reduces the flow of warm blood from internal organs to the skin so that the heat is not lost from the skin,...
1.1K
01:43Thermosensation
30.5K
Peripheral thermosensation is the perception of external temperature. A change in temperature (on the surface of the skin and other tissues) is detected by a family of temperature-sensitive ion channels called Transient Receptor Potential, or TRP, receptors. These receptors are located on free nerve endings. Those detecting cold temperatures are closer to the surface of the skin than the nerve endings detecting warmth. These thermoTRP channels, while temperature selective, have relatively...
30.5K
01:25Body Temperature
1.1K
The body's temperature, measured in degrees, is determined by the balance between heat production and dissipation to the surrounding environment. For instance, if exercising vigorously, the body will produce more heat, causing sweat and dissipating that heat. Despite extreme environmental conditions and physical exertion, the human temperature-control system maintains a constant core body temperature (the temperature of deep tissues, which are the tissues located beneath the skin and other...
1.1K
01:14Assessing Body Temperature - Axilla
625
Procedural Guide for Assessing Axillary Body Temperature using a Digital Thermometer:
Step 1: Perform hand hygiene and put on clean gloves to maintain infection control and prevent cross-contamination.
Step 2: Prepare the patient by explaining the procedure to ensure understanding and cooperation. Ensure privacy, expose the axilla, and inform the patient that minimal movement is crucial for an accurate reading.
Step 3: Adjust the patient’s clothing to expose only the axilla. It minimizes...
Step 1: Perform hand hygiene and put on clean gloves to maintain infection control and prevent cross-contamination.
Step 2: Prepare the patient by explaining the procedure to ensure understanding and cooperation. Ensure privacy, expose the axilla, and inform the patient that minimal movement is crucial for an accurate reading.
Step 3: Adjust the patient’s clothing to expose only the axilla. It minimizes...
625