由于预计的变暖和脱氧,东北太平洋水域的地下鱼类生物多样性变化
Patrick L Thompson1,2, Jessica Nephin1, Sarah C Davies3
1Institute of Ocean Sciences, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Sidney, British Columbia, Canada V8L 5T5.
概括
海洋鱼群因变暖和脱氧而面临重大变化. 美国太平洋西北地区地下鱼的预测显示,物种分布和生物多样性在不同深度的变化.
科学领域:
- 海洋生态海洋生态学
- 气候变化影响气候变化的影响.
- 渔业科学 渔业科学
背景情况:
- 海洋变暖和脱氧正在全球范围内改变海洋生态系统.
- 这些变化预计将影响鱼类的分布,丰度和社区组成.
- 了解这些影响对于有效的海洋资源管理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 预测温度和氧气水平的变化对34种地下鱼类的影响.
- 评估深度,温度和氧气对海洋生物多样性的联合影响.
- 预测北美西海岸鱼群组成的变化.
主要方法:
- 利用来自美国西海岸和加拿大的渔业独立拖网调查数据.
- 采用高分辨率区域海洋模型来模拟环境变化.
- 分析了对地下鱼种分布和丰度的预计影响.
主要成果:
- 预计物种的出现将发生转变,增加大致平衡减少,导致社区的大量流动.
- 预计许多物种将迁移到更深的水域以逃避变暖,但低氧水平将限制这种运动.
- 预计生物多样性在浅水 (<100米) 和深水,氧气有限的水域 (>600米) 降低,但在中深 (100-600米) 增加.
结论:
- 温度,氧气和深度的相互作用对于预测气候变化对海洋生物多样性的影响至关重要.
- 浅水和深水生态系统面临生物多样性丧失,而中深水可能会暂时增加.
- 未来的预测必须整合多种环境压力因素,以准确预测海洋鱼群的变化.
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