两种Empidonax捕虫的比较基因组学揭示了鸟类歌曲生产的候选基因
Natalia C García1,2, Leonardo Campagna1,3, Andrew C Rush4,5
1Fuller Evolutionary Biology Program, Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, United States.
概括
捕的基因组比较揭示了与特定物种的歌曲相关的六个关键遗传区域. 这项研究确定了可能影响鸟类先天发声的基因,为鸟类通信进化提供了洞察力.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 生物声学是一种生物声学.
背景情况:
- 在密切相关的物种中进行全基因组比较可以精确确定表型变异的遗传基础.
- 以前对鸟类的研究已经将基因组差异与羽毛,形态和迁徙行为等特征联系起来.
研究的目的:
- 确定候选基因,负责两种密切相关的捕物种 (Empidonax difficilis和E. occidentalis) 和它们的杂交物种之间的先天声信号的变化.
- 为了利用自然实验来理解语音通信的遗传基础.
主要方法:
- 20只纯种鸟和14只混合个体的基因组测序,具有不同的歌曲类型.
- 比较基因组学用于识别物种之间高度遗传差异的区域.
- 对已知与发声或大脑表达相关的功能在差异化区域内的基因进行分析.
主要成果:
- 在捕物种之间确定了六个具有高度差异化的独特基因组区域.
- 这些区域含有67个基因,包括之前与人类语言障碍相关的3个基因和在鸟类大脑歌曲核中差异表达的18个基因.
- 这些发现表明与先天的歌曲变异相关的特定位置.
结论:
- 已识别的基因组区域和候选基因为了解鸟类先天发声的遗传结构提供了基础.
- 这项研究强调了比较基因组学在剖析复杂行为特征的遗传基础上的实用性.
- 对这些位置进行进一步的研究可能会揭示多种鸟类谱系间的语音通信的演变.
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