对超过100万名受试者的多变体全基因组关联元分析确定了多重物质使用障碍背后的基因位置
Alexander S Hatoum1, Sarah M C Colbert1, Emma C Johnson1
1Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Saint Louis, USA.
Nature. Mental health
|May 30, 2023
概括
这项研究确定了不同人群中一般和特定物质成风险的遗传因素. 这些发现突显了多巴胺调节的作用.
科学领域:
- 遗传学 遗传学 是一个
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
背景情况:
- 药物使用障碍 (SUD) 有复杂的遗传基础.
- 遗传责任可以分为一般和特定物质的风险因素.
- 了解这些遗传成分对于开发有针对性的干预措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 进行多变异的全基因组关联元分析,以确定一般和特定物质成风险的遗传位置.
- 调查成风险的多基因性,并确定涉及的特定基因.
- 检查一般成风险多基因得分与相关条件和环境因素的关联.
主要方法:
- 进行了一项大规模的全基因组关联元分析.
- 数据包括超过100万名欧洲和非洲血统的个人.
- 使用统计方法对酒精,烟草,大麻和阿片类药物使用障碍的一般和特定物质遗传位置进行分类.
主要成果:
- 十九个独立的SNP与一般成风险因子 (成-rf) 有显著的关联,表明高多基因性.
- 基因PDE4B与多巴胺调节有关,这表明了交叉物质的脆弱性.
- 对酒精 (9),烟草 (32),大麻 (5) 和阿片类药物 (1) 确定了特定物质的位置,包括代谢和受体基因.
- 一个一般的成风险多基因得分与SUDs,精神病理,身体状况和环境风险因素相关联.
结论:
- 对SUDs的遗传风险可以分为一般和物质特定的组件.
- 多巴胺调节途径可能代表不同物质成的共同脆弱性.
- 已识别的基因位置为SUDs的新疗法战略提供了潜在的目标.
相关概念视频
Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS
13.7K
Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...
13.7K
Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep
199
Substance use disorders involve a pattern of using drugs more extensively than intended and continuing use despite harmful consequences. This includes legal substances like alcohol and nicotine, as well as illegal drugs. These disorders often involve both physical and psychological dependence, reflecting compulsive use of substances that significantly alter thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, contributing to a major public health issue.
Understanding the concepts of physical dependence,...
Understanding the concepts of physical dependence,...
199
Human Genetics
629
Human genetics provides a profound framework for understanding the interplay between genetic predispositions and human psychology. At the heart of this discipline lies the study of how genes influence physical traits, behaviors, and susceptibility to diseases. Each person carries a unique genetic code that subtly or significantly shapes their psychological and behavioral landscape.
The complex relationship between genetics and psychology is observable through common biological components such...
The complex relationship between genetics and psychology is observable through common biological components such...
629
Drug Abuse and Addiction: Pharmacological Phenomena
574
Drug dependence, abuse, and addiction are complex phenomena that can precipitate various abnormal states. Physical dependence refers to a state of pharmacological adaptation to a drug. This adaptation often results in tolerance—a reduced response to the drug after repeated administrations. When the drug use is abruptly stopped, withdrawal symptoms occur due to the body's need to readjust from the pharmacologically induced imbalance. However, tolerance and withdrawal symptoms do not...
574
Drug Dependence
1.1K
Medications are typically administered to achieve therapeutic effects. Some drugs can modify an individual's mood and perception, frequently resulting in various enjoyable experiences. However, this can result in drug dependency, a condition marked by continuous drug use despite potential negative consequences. Drug dependency primarily falls into two categories: psychological and physical dependence. Psychological dependence occurs when the pleasurable feelings induced by the drug...
1.1K
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs
15.3K
A single nucleotide polymorphism or SNP is a single nucleotide variation at a specific genomic position in a large population. It is the most prevalent type of sequence variation found in the human genome. Point mutations that occur in more than 1% of the population qualify as SNPs. These are present once every 1000 nucleotides on an average in the human genome. Replacement of a purine with another purine (A/G) or a pyrimidine with another pyrimidine (C/T) is known as a transition. In contrast,...
15.3K


