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相关概念视频

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response01:27

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

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Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
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Cells of the Innate Immune Response01:28

Cells of the Innate Immune Response

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The innate immune response is an immediate and non-specific response against pathogens, acting swiftly to prevent the spread of infections. The primary cells involved in this response are phagocytes and natural killer (NK) cells.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes police the peripheral tissues by removing cellular debris and responding to the invasion of foreign substances or pathogens. Many phagocytes attack and remove microorganisms even before lymphocytes detect them. The human body has two general...
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T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

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T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
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T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

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When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
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Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

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Overview
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Measurement of Natural Killer Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity and Migration in the Context of Hepatic Tumor Cells
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在自然杀手/T细胞淋巴瘤中T细胞功能障碍

Xiaoyan Feng1,2,3, Miaomiao Meng1,2,3, Hongwen Li1,3

  • 1Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.

Oncoimmunology
|May 30, 2023
PubMed
概括

自然杀手/T细胞淋巴瘤 (NKTCL) 与爱斯坦-巴尔病毒 (EBV) 有关. 这项研究揭示了NKTCL患者的T细胞功能障碍,其特征是抑制受体增加和免疫细胞活性降低,导致抗瘤免疫力受损.

关键词:
爱普斯坦 - 巴尔病毒.在NK/T细胞淋巴瘤.T细胞耗尽的情况.抑制性受体的受体

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科学领域:

  • 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
  • 在瘤学瘤学.
  • 病毒学 病毒学

背景情况:

  • 自然杀手/T细胞淋巴瘤 (NKTCL) 是一种与爱斯坦-巴尔病毒 (EBV) 感染相关的侵袭性,无法治愈的T细胞淋巴瘤.
  • 慢性病毒感染可以导致T细胞疲劳,一种免疫细胞功能障碍的状态.

研究的目的:

  • 首次研究NKTCL患者的T细胞功能障碍.
  • 描述NKTCL中的免疫微环境,重点关注T细胞抑制受体和效应器功能.

主要方法:

  • 流细胞计用于分析NKTCL患者和健康捐赠者的NKTCL患者和健康捐赠者的外周血液单核细胞 (PBMC) 中的淋巴细胞分布,抑制受体 (IR) 表达,细胞因子生产和细胞增殖.
  • 来自HD的PBMC与NKTCL细胞系共同培养,以验证临床发现.
  • 多重免疫组织化学 (mIHC) 在NKTCL瘤活检中评估了IR表达.

主要成果:

  • 与HD患者相比,NKTCL患者表现出T调节细胞 (Tregs) 和髓质衍生抑制细胞 (MDSCs) 的频率较高.
  • 来自NKTCL患者的T细胞显示多个IRs的表达增加,增殖减少,干扰素-γ的产生减少.
  • 在正常的PBMC中,NKTCL细胞诱导T细胞枯竭表型,并促进Treg/MDSC生成.
  • 在NKTCL活检中透瘤的CD8+T细胞显示IR表达明显高于反应性淋巴细胞增生.

结论:

  • NKTCL中的免疫微环境的特点是T细胞功能障碍和抑制性免疫细胞的积累.
  • 这些免疫变化可能导致NKTCL患者观察到的抗瘤免疫力受损.
  • 了解这些机制可能为NKTCL提供新的治疗点.