识别涉及高近视的罕见变体,由全基因组测序揭示出来
Annechien E G Haarman1,2, Caroline C W Klaver1,2,3,4, Milly S Tedja1,2
1Erasmus MC, Department of Ophthalmology, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Ophthalmology science
|May 30, 2023
概括
罕见的遗传变异在很大程度上导致高近视,近视的严重形式. 全基因组测序发现了新型基因,这可能解释了这种复杂的眼睛疾病中缺失的遗传性.
科学领域:
- 遗传学 遗传学 是一个
- 眼科医生 眼科 眼科
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
背景情况:
- 近视或近视是一种常见的折射误差,具有重要的遗传成分.
- 虽然常见的遗传变异解释了一些倾向,但近视遗传的很大一部分仍然无法解释.
- 高近视会导致失明的风险,并对患者和社会产生相当大的影响.
研究的目的:
- 调查罕见遗传变异对高近视的贡献.
- 使用全基因组测序 (WGS) 识别与高近视相关的新型基因.
- 探索严重近视缺失遗传性的遗传基础.
主要方法:
- 对159名高近视 (折射误差>-10二眼镜) 的欧洲患者进行了横截面研究.
- 全基因组测序 (WGS) 采用逐步过和负载分析方法进行.
- 基因风险得分 (GRS) 计算以评估常见变异的贡献.
主要成果:
- 在25%的患者中观察到常见变异的高遗传风险评分 (GRS).
- 已知眼部疾病基因的有害变异在6%的患者中被发现.
- 全基因组测序揭示了8个新近视相关基因中的罕见变异负担,包括HS6ST1,RBM20和MAP7D1,涉及Wnt信号传递,黑激素降解和眼睛发育.
结论:
- 常见和罕见的遗传变异对低近视和高近视有不同的贡献.
- 全基因组测序成功地确定了解释某些个体高近视现型的潜在候选基因.
- 这项研究强调了罕见的遗传变异在严重近视症中的作用,并为进一步研究提供了新的基因候选人.
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