记忆中的动态优势在自律学习条件下发生,但参与者的元认知信念可以阻止它
Michael J Serra1, Carlee M DeYoung1
1Department of Psychological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States.
Frontiers in psychology
|May 30, 2023
概括
动态的优势,动态的项目比无生命的更好地记住,在研究条件下持续存在. 这种记忆的好处来自于动态项目的更丰富的编码,而不是故意的注意力分配.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 人类认知能力 人类认知能力
- 记忆研究 记忆研究
背景情况:
- 动物性区分了生命和非生命的东西.
- 动态概念获得了特权的认知处理.
- 动态效应表明动态对无生命物体的回忆力更强.
研究的目的:
- 调查动态优势的根本原因.
- 在不同的研究条件下 (计算机节奏与自动节奏) 检查动态效应.
- 评估元认知信念在灵性优势中的作用.
主要方法:
- 在不同的研究条件下进行了自由回忆实验.
- 使用了三种不同的动态和无生命刺激.
- 测量了参与者的学习时间和超认知期望.
主要成果:
- 始终观察到在所有条件下自由回忆的动态优势.
- 研究方法 (节奏与自动节奏) 并没有改变动态优势.
- 在自我节奏的条件下,对有生命的和无生命的物体等效的学习时间排除了时间分配作为原因.
- 超认知信念影响了处理,可能降低了动态的优势.
结论:
- 动态的优势源于动态物品的自然编码更丰富,而不是有意识的处理分配.
- 项目级别的属性有助于动态效应的大小.
- 未来的研究应该考虑内在的物品属性和基于处理的差异.
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